Objective To estimate the number of HIV infection in adults of Wuwei city in 2009.Methods The numbers and the HIV prevalence rates of 5 population groups(15~49 years old)including injecting drug users(IDU),female commercial sex workers(FSW),sex buyers,men who have sex with men(MSM),paid blood donors and their spouses/sexual partners were obtained in Wuwei city.Workbook method was used to estimate HIV prevalence in Wuwei city.Results The estimated number of HIV-infected adults(15~49 years) was 215(ranging from 85~403).Conclusion Although the current HIV prevalence is low in Wuwei city,the epidemic situation is still grim.