首页|Olfactory Three-Needle Electroacupuncture Improved Synaptic Plasticity and Gut Microbiota of SAMP8 Mice by Stimulating Olfactory Nerve

Olfactory Three-Needle Electroacupuncture Improved Synaptic Plasticity and Gut Microbiota of SAMP8 Mice by Stimulating Olfactory Nerve

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Objective:To investigate the effects and mechanisms of olfactory three-needle(OTN)electroacupuncture(EA)stimulation of the olfactory system on cognitive dysfunction,synaptic plasticity,and the gut microbiota in senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8(SAMP8)mice.Methods:Thirty-six SAMP8 mice were randomly divided into the SAMP8(P8),SAMP8+OTN(P8-OT),and SAMP8+nerve transection+OTN(P8-N-OT)groups according to a random number table(n=12 per group),and 12 accelerated senescence-resistant(SAMR1)mice were used as the control(R1)group.EA was performed at the Yintang(GV 29)and bilateral Yingxiang(LI 20)acupoints of SAMP8 mice for 4 weeks.The Morris water maze test,transmission electron microscopy,terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling(TUNEL)staining,Nissl staining,Golgi staining,Western blot,and 16S rRNA sequencing were performed,respectively.Results:Compared with the P8 group,OTN improved the cognitive behavior of SAMP8 mice,inhibited neuronal apoptosis,increased neuronal activity,and attenuated hippocampal synaptic dysfunction(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Moreover,the expression levels of synaptic plasticity-related proteins N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1(NMDAR1),NMDAR2B,synaptophysin(SYN),and postsynaptic density protein-95(PSD95)in hippocampus were increased by OTN treatment(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Furthermore,OTN greatly enhanced the brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)/cAMP-response element binding(CREB)signaling and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin(PI3K/AKT/mTOR)signaling compared with the P8 group(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).However,the neuroprotective effect of OTN was attenuated by olfactory nerve truncation.Compared with the P8 group,OTN had a very limited effect on the fecal microbial structure and composition of SAMP8 mice,while specifically increased the genera Oscillospira and Sutterella(P＜0.05).Interestingly,the P8-N-OT group showed an abnormal fecal microbiota with higher microbial α-diversity,Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and pathogenic bacteria(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusions:OTN improved cognitive deficits and hippocampal synaptic plasticity by stimulating the olfactory nerve and activating the BDNF/CREB and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways.Although the gut microbiota was not the main therapeutic target of OTN for Alzheimer's disease,the olfactory nerve was essential to maintain the homeostasis of gut microbiota.

Alzheimer's diseaseolfactory three-needleelectroacupunctureolfactory nervesynaptic plasticitygut microbiotaChinese medicine

WANG Yuan、ZHENG A-ni、YANG Huan、WANG Qiang、DAI Biao、WANG Jia-ju、WAN Yi-tong、LIU Zhi-bin、LIU Si-yang

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College of Acu-moxibustion and Massage,Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Xianyang,Shaanxi Province(712046),China

Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine,Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Xianyang,Shaanxi Province(712046),China

Department of Acupuncture,Rehabilitation,Massage and Pain,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Xianyang,Shaanxi Province(712000),China

Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Baotou Medical College,Baotou,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 014040,China

College of Acu-moxibustion and Massage,Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Xianyang,Shaanxi Province 712046,China

School of Basic Medical Sciences,Xi'an Medical University,Xi'an(710021),China

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National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaShaanxi Science and Technology Department ProjectShaanxi Province TCM"Double Chain Integration"Young and Middle-Aged Scientific Research Innovation Team Construction Project

820745522018JM70412022-SLRH-LJ-012

2024

10.1007/s11655-023-3614-3

中国结合医学杂志(英文版)
中国中西医结合学会 中国中医研究院

中国结合医学杂志(英文版)

CSTPCD
影响因子：1.056
ISSN：1672-0415
年,卷(期)：2024.30(8)