Objective To investigate the effects of Yiqi Tongluo decoction on common carotid artery intimal hyperplasia(IH)and phenotypic transformation and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs)in rats.Methods Thirty-six SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group,model group,Yiqi Tongluo decoction high,medium and low dose groups and atorvastatin group,6 rats in each group.Except the sham operation group,the left common carotid artery intimal hyperplasia model was established by balloon catheters in the other groups,and the corresponding drugs and distilled water were intragastric in each group for 14 days.HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of common carotid artery and the degree of intimal hyperplasia in each group.The expressions of α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),osteopontin(OPN)and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA)in common carotid artery were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Results Compared with sham operation group,common carotid artery intimal hyperplasia was obvious in model group,and the intimal area(IA),intimal thickness(IT),intimal area hyperplasia rate(HRIA)and intimal thickness hyperplasia rate(HRIT)were significantly increased(P＜0.01).The expression of α-SMA in VSMC contraction phenotype was significantly decreased(P＜0.05),and the expression of OPN and PCNA,a cell proliferation marker,was significantly increased(P＜0.01).Compared with model group,I A,IT,HRIA and HRIT in Yiqi Tongluo decoction high-dose group and atorvastatin calcium tablet group were significantly decreased(P＜0.01).The expression of OPN was significantly decreased in atorvastatin group.The expression of alpha SMA in the medium and high dose groups of Yiqi Tongluo decoction was significantly increased(P＜0.01),while the expression of PCNA was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Conclusion Yiqi Tongluo decoction can effectively improve the hyperplasia of vascular intima and regulate the phenotypic transformation and proliferation of VSMCs in SD rats.
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