Micro-credentials from an International Perspective:Conceptual Definition,Operational Mode,and Localization System Construction
Micro-credentials are an important trend in the development of education under the con-cept of lifelong learning,which helps learners build a platform for lifelong learning and continuous progress,enabling them to effectively respond to the new demands for work skills in the digital era job market.This article defines relevant concepts from the dimensions of general definition,design principles,functional characteristics,and operating modes of micro-credentials,and analyzes the main characteristics and modes of three micro-credential systems worldwide,namely the vertical development system in Europe,the hori-zontal development system in Australia,and the additional value-added system in the United States and Canada.It proposes that the construction of China's micro-credential system should be based on serving people's lifelong learning and work,adhere to demand orientation,ability orientation,and have functions such as learning,flow,evaluation,recognition,and transformation.It should highlight one achievement,inte-grate two types,establish three mechanisms,consider four aspects,and grasp five levels.
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