Clinical Study of Anlotinib Combined with S-1 in the Treatment of Patients with Advanced Esophageal Cancer
Objective:To investigate the effects of anlotinib combined with S-1 on immune function,tumor markers,vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in patients with advanced esophageal cancer.Methods:A total of 200 patients with advanced esophageal cancer who failed or experienced progression after achieving remission following first-line chemotherapy in a hospital from September 2020 to September 2023 were selected and assigned to the control group and observation group by random number table method,with 100 patients in each group.Both groups were given comprehensive assessments,including medical history,physical examination,imaging examination[such as computed tomography (CT),magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),etc.]and laboratory tests.The control group was treated with tegafur,gimeracil and oteracil potassium capsules,while the observation group was treated with anlotinib hydrochloride capsules in addition to the treatment given in the control group.The immune function[CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,CD4+/CD8+,natural killer (NK) cell],serum tumor markers[carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125),carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA),neuron specific enolase (NSE)],VEGF,HO-1 levels,clinical efficacy and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results:After treatment,the levels of CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+and NK cell were increased in both groups (P<0.05),with the observation group showing higher levels than the control group (P<0.05).CD8+was decreased in both groups (P<0.05),with the observation group showing lower levels than the control group (P<0.05).The levels of serum CA125,CEA and NSE were decreased in both groups (P<0.05),with the observation group showing lower levels than the control group (P<0.05).VEGF and HO-1 levels were decreased in both groups (P<0.05),with the observation group showing lower levels than the control group (P<0.05).The total effective rate of the observation group (84.00％) was higher than that of the control group (55.00％,P<0.05).The total incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group (16.00％) was lower than that in the control group (35.00％,P<0.05).Conclusion:Anlotinib combined with S-1 has good clinical efficacy in the treatment of patients with advanced esophageal cancer,which can significantly improve the immune function,reduce the level of serum tumor markers,inhibit the expression of VEGF and HO-1,and does not increase the risk of adverse reactions.
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