摘要
本文结合 2017-2022 年秦皇岛市近岸海域及入海河流的主要污染物监测数据,分析近岸海域化学需氧量(Chemical Oxygen Demand,COD)、活性磷酸盐、无机氮的浓度时空变化趋势及其与入海河流输入海域污染物总量的相关性.结果表明,秦皇岛市近岸海域水质总体逐年好转,与 2017 年相比,2022 年近岸海域COD、活性磷酸盐及无机氮浓度分别下降 43.8%、56.2%和 45.1%;冬春季水质明显优于夏秋季;自山海关区往北戴河区方向,海域水质总体逐渐好转;离海岸线垂直距离越远,水质越好;污染因子COD、活性磷酸盐及无机氮在河、海间具有强相关性,Spearman秩相关系数均不小于0.943,表明近岸海域水质主要受入海河流的影响,河流输入是陆源污染入海的主要途径.
Abstract
Based on the monitoring data of major pollutants in the nearshore sea and incoming rivers of Qinhuangdao City from 2017 to 2022,this paper analyzes the spatiotemporal variation trends of Chemical Oxygen Demand(COD),active phosphate,and inorganic nitrogen concentrations in the nearshore sea and their correlation with the total amount of pollutants in the incoming rivers.The results show that the overall water quality in the nearshore sea of Qinhuangdao City has improved year by year,compared with 2017,the concentrations of COD,active phosphate,and inorganic nitrogen in the nearshore sea in 2022 have decreased by 43.8%,56.2%,and 45.1%,respectively;the water quality in winter and spring is significantly better than that in summer and autumn;from Shanhaiguan District to Beidaihe District,the overall water quality in the sea is gradually improving;the farther the vertical distance from the coastline,the better the water quality;the pollution factors such as COD,active phosphate,and inorganic nitrogen have a strong correlation between rivers and sea,with Spearman rank correlation coefficients not less than 0.943,indicating that the water quality in nearshore sea is mainly affected by rivers entering the sea,and river input is the main pathway for land-based pollution entering the sea.
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