The tumor microenvironment is the intrinsic environment during the development of malignant tumors.Among its components,tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are one of the most abundant immune cells,constituting over 50% of the total immune cell population.TAMs can be classified into M1 type with anti-tumor activity and M2 type that promotes tumor growth.The infiltration of TAMs is closely related to the metastasis and growth of osteosarcoma (OS).This article reviews the mechanisms by which TAMs contribute to OS,highlighting their roles in promoting tumor proliferation,invasion,metastasis,and resistance through epigenetic mechanisms,angiogenesis,and tumor immune evasion.Additionally,it summarizes potential targets for the reversal of TAM phenotypes through traditional Chinese medicine,aiming to provide new strategies for OS treatment.
关键词
骨肉瘤/肿瘤微环境/肿瘤相关巨噬细胞/中医药
Key words
Osteosarcoma/tumor microenvironment/tumor-associated macrophage/traditional Chinese medicine