Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing 100050, China

National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China

5Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China

Department of Gastroenterology, Jizhong Energy Fengfeng Group Hospital, Handan, Hebei 056000, China

Center for Applied Statistics and School of Statistics, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China

3Statistical Consulting Center, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China

7RSS and China-Re Life Joint Lab on Public Health and Risk Management, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China