Molecular mechanism of cognitive dysfunction caused by blast traumatic brain injury:a review
Cognitive dysfunction caused by blast traumatic brain injury(bTBI)is a serious neurological disease with high incidence,serious condition and poor prognosis.bTBI can lead to a series of symptoms such as short-term memory loss,inattention or multi-tasking difficulties.In severe cases,bTBI can develop into Alzheimer's disease,which has a great impact on patients'normal work and life.At present,researches on cognitive dysfunction caused by bTBI mainly involve model construction,pathogenesis,pathophysiological changes,diagnosis and treatment,etc.,and the molecular mechanism of its occurrence remains to be further studied.Under normal physiological conditions,the release of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters,the release and uptake of Ca2+,oxidation and antioxidant systems,and the promotion and inhibition of apoptosis are in a dynamic balance.bTBI disturbs the balance,which will lead to the damage of nerve cells at the molecular level,thus resulting in the occurrence of cognitive dysfunction.To this end,the authors summarized the aspects of excitatory toxicity and Ca2+homeostasis disorder,oxidative stress,inflammation and edema,apoptosis,etc.,and reviewed the research progress on the molecular mechanism of cognitive dysfunction caused by bTBI,so as to provide a reference for the treatment and rehabilitation of cognitive dysfunction in patients with bTBI.
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