摘要
脊髓损伤可导致脊髓功能部分或完全丧失,影响受损部位以下的感觉、运动及神经功能.其中神经功能受损会导致患者出现感觉和运动功能障碍、自主神经功能失调等症状,严重影响其生活质量.目前,针对脊髓损伤后神经功能障碍,传统治疗方法包括手术治疗、药物治疗、康复训练等,但存在手术治疗无法完全修复神经损伤、药物治疗的疗效有限、康复训练周期长等不足.脊髓电刺激(SCS)是一种通过置入电极在脊髓或其周围神经系统中传递电信号的治疗方法,可促进脊髓损伤后的神经功能恢复,起到改善感觉与运动功能、排尿与肠道功能等作用.但SCS的临床应用仍需进一步优化刺激参数、明确长期效果与识别最佳应用群体.为此,笔者就SCS对脊髓损伤后神经功能恢复的作用及其应用效果的研究进展进行综述,为后续基础研究与临床治疗提供参考.
Abstract
Spinal cord injury can lead to partial or complete loss of spinal cord function,affecting the sensory,motor and neurological functions below the injured part.Among them,nerve function damage can lead to sensory and motor dysfunction,autonomic nervous dysfunction and other symptoms,which seriously affect the patients'life quality.At present,the conventional treatments for neurological dysfunction after spinal cord injury include surgery,medication,and rehabilitation exercise.However,there are some shortcomings such as failure to completely repair nerve injury surgically,limited effects of medication,and long period of rehabilitation exercise.Spinal cord stimulation(SCS)is known as a treatment,in which electrodes are planted and electrical signals can be transmitted through them in the spinal cord and the peripheral nervous system,thus promoting the recovery of neurological function after spinal cord injury and improving sensory and motor functions,urination and bowel function.However,in order to promote the clinical application of SCS,the stimulation parameters remain to be optimized,the long-term effects need to be determined and the best target application population remains to be identified.To this end,the authors reviewed the research progress on the role of SCS in the recovery of neurological function after spinal cord injury and its application,so as to provide references for subsequent basic research and clinical treatment.
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