首页|中国人群关注花粉播报情况的多维度分析:一项国内大规模多中心横断面调查

中国人群关注花粉播报情况的多维度分析:一项国内大规模多中心横断面调查

A multi-dimensional analysis of pollen broadcasting concerns in Chinese population:a large-scale multi-center cross-sectional survey

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  • NETL
  • NSTL
  • 维普
  • 万方数据
目的 多维度调查中国人群关注花粉播报情况,了解国内变应性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis,AR)患者的现状.方法 2022年3月1日至9月30日,国内21家医院共同开展一项基于问卷星平台的大规模多中心横断面调查,收集中国东北、华北、华东、华中、华南、西南、西北7个大区共7 056名受试者的基本特征(包括社会人口学特征和其中AR患者的疾病特征),以及其关注花粉播报的情况、接收花粉播报的意愿和治疗满意率等.采用卡方检验、多变量线性回归及Logistic回归分析等统计学方法,多维度分析中国人群关注花粉播报的情况及相关影响因素.结果 所有7056名受试者中,关注过花粉播报的比例为23.02％.3176例自报AR患者和1019例花粉诱导的AR(pollen-induced AR,PiAR)患者中,关注花粉播报的比例分别为25.60％和39.16％,高于非AR和非PiAR受试者(x2值分别为21.74、175.11,P值均＜0.001).AR患者中,春、秋季过敏原阳性患者关注花粉播报的比例高于常年过敏原阳性患者(x2值分别为20.90、19.51,P值均＜0.001);伴有哮喘、鼻窦炎、变应性结膜炎和心脑血管疾病的AR患者关注花粉播报的比例均高于不伴合并症的AR患者(x2值分别为50.83、21.97、56.78、7.62,P值均＜0.05).我国华北地区AR患者可在本地区查到花粉播报的比例为31.01％,显著高于其他大区(P值均＜0.05).多变量线性回归分析显示:PiAR患者中,家庭人均月收入较高、AR疾病认知水平较高、既往关注过花粉播报及合并变应性结膜炎者,接收花粉播报的意愿更强烈(B值分别为0.24、0.13、0.66、0.47,P值均＜0.05);患者的疾病认知水平越高,主动参与治疗的意愿越强烈(R2=0.72,P＜0.001).仅18.89％的AR患者对现有治疗效果满意;Logistic回归分析结果显示,关注过花粉播报的AR患者治疗满意率显著高于未关注者(OR=1.83,P＜0.001).结论 受疾病认知水平等多种因素影响,目前中国人群关注花粉播报情况欠佳;国内AR患者的治疗满意率不高.
Objective To investigate the concern about pollen broadcasting in Chinese population from multiple dimensions and to understand the information about allergic rhinitis(AR)in China by analyzing related factors.Methods From March 1 to September 30,2022,a large-scale multi-center cross-sectional survey was conducted based on the Questionnaire Star platform in 21 Chinese hospitals.A total of 7 056 subjects from 7 regions in China:Northeast,North,East,Central,South,Southwest,and Northwest China were included.Basic characteristics(including social demographic characteristics and disease characteristics of AR patients),concern about pollen broadcasting,the willingness of pollen-induced AR(PiAR)patients to receive pollen broadcasting,and the treatment satisfaction rate of AR patients were collected.The chi-square test,multivariate linear regression model,and Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the concern about pollen broadcasting in the Chinese population and related factors from multiple dimensions.Results Among 7 056 subjects,23.02％were concerned about pollen broadcasting.Among 3 176 self-reported AR and 1 019 PiAR patients,25.60％and 39.16％were concerned about pollen broadcasting,respectively,which was higher than that of non-AR or non-PiAR subjects(x2 value was 21.74 and 175.11,respectively,both P＜0.001).Among AR patients,the proportion of spring and autumn allergen-positive patients concerned about pollen broadcasting was higher than that in perennial allergen-positive patients(x2 value was 20.90 and 19.51,respectively,both P＜0.001).The proportion of AR patients with asthma,sinusitis,allergic conjunctivitis,and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases was higher than those without complications(,x2 value was 50.83,21.97,56.78,7.62,respectively,all P＜0.05).The proportion of AR patients in North China who could find pollen broadcasting locally was 31.01％,significantly higher than those in other regions(all P＜0.05).Multivariate linear regression model analysis showed that among PiAR patients,those with higher per capita household income and higher AR disease cognition levels had been concerned about pollen broadcasting in the past,and those complicated with allergic conjunctivitis had stronger intention to receive pollen broadcasting(B value was 0.24,0.13,0.66,0.47,respectively,all P＜0.05).The higher the disease cognition level of PiAR patients,the stronger their willingness to actively participate in treatment(R2=0.72,P＜0.001).Only 18.89％of AR patients felt satisfied with the treatment effect.Logistic regression analysis showed that in AR patients,the treatment satisfaction rate was significantly higher among those concerned about pollen broadcasting compared to those who were not(OR=1.83,P＜O.001).Conclusions Currently,the dissemination of pollen broadcasting in China is hindered by various factors such as disease cognition level.The treatment satisfaction among AR patients remains unsatisfactory.

Pollen broadcastingAllergic rhinitisPollen-induced allergic rhinitisAllergen avoidanceMulti-center cross-sectional survey

徐驰宇、张彦书、栾宁、刘翔毅、覃大洋、王洪敏、肖旭平、周水洪、张杰、张萍、白育青、王蓬鹏、齐岩、孙中武、刘壮、巴罗、王文超、卢醒、王旻、郭睿、孙德义、陶立元、朱丽

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北京大学第三医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,北京 100191

南京大学医学院附属盐城第一医院耳鼻咽喉科,盐城 224001

北京大学第三医院延庆医院耳鼻咽喉科,北京 102100

甘肃中医药大学附属医院耳鼻咽喉科,兰州 730030

广西钦州市第一人民医院耳鼻咽喉科,钦州 535000

朝阳市中心医院耳鼻咽喉科,朝阳 122000

湖南省人民医院耳鼻咽喉科,长沙 410005

浙江大学医学院附属第一医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,杭州 310003

贵州省仁怀市人民医院耳鼻咽喉科,仁怀 564500

内蒙古赤峰市敖汉旗医院耳鼻咽喉科,赤峰 024300

长治市人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,长治 046000

国家儿童医学中心首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,北京 100045

首都医科大学宣武医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,北京 100053

北京航天总医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,北京 100076

北京大学第三医院延安分院(延安市中医医院)耳鼻咽喉科,延安 716000

西藏自治区人民医院耳鼻咽喉科,拉萨 850000

太原市中心医院耳鼻咽喉科,太原 030000

天津市环湖医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,天津 300350

北京大学人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,北京 100044

空军特色医学中心耳鼻咽喉科,北京 100042

大庆油田总医院耳鼻咽喉科,大庆 163001

北京大学第三医院流行病学研究中心,北京 100191

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花粉播报 变应性鼻炎 花粉诱导的变应性鼻炎 过敏原回避 多中心横断面调查

科技创新2030-重大项目

2020AAA0105404

2024

10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20231011-00137

中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志
中华医学会

中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：1.727
ISSN：1673-0860
年,卷(期)：2024.59(1)
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