Objective To investigate influencing factors and prognosis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)in preterm small for gestational age(SGA)infants.Methods A total of 92 preterm(gestational age of 24-32 weeks)SGA infants who were hospitalized in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit(NICU)of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 2019 to December 2021 were selected as study subjects.Using a retrospective cohort study method,they were divided into BPD group(n=38)and BPD-free group(n=54)according to whether BPD was diagnosed at 36 weeks'corrected gestational age or not.The clinical data,treatment and BPD related complications of preterm SGA infants between two groups were statistically compared by chi-square test,independent samples t test and Mann-Whitney U test.Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the independent influencing factors of BPD in preterm SGA infants.This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of our hospital(Approval No.QYFY WZLL 28257),and the guardians of all subjects gave informed consent to diagnosis and treatment and signed an informed consent form for this clinical study.Results ① The body weight at 1 month after birth,birth length and head circumference,Apgar score at 1 min and 5 min after birth of preterm SGA infants in BPD group were lower,shorter and smaller than those in BPD-free group,while invasive mechanical ventilation,noninvasive mechanical ventilation,oxygen inhalation and hospitalization time,and the utilization rate of pulmonary surfactant(PS)were longer,higher than those in BPD-free group,and all the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.01).② The results of multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that the long duration of non-invasive mechanical ventilation(OR=1.180,95％CI:1.064-1.308,P=0.002)and the long duration of oxygen inhalation after birth(OR=1.295,95％CI:1.126-1.488,P＜0.001)were independent risk factors for BPD in preterm SGA infants.③ The incidences of pneumonia,late-onset sepsis,hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus(hsPDA)and retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)in the BPD group were higher than those in the BPD-free group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion For preterm SGA infants,the timing of non-invasive mechanical ventilation and oxygen inhalation should be appropriately controlled to reduce the incidence of BPD and related complications.
Bronchopulmonary dysplasiaInfant,small for gestational ageRisk factorsRetinopathy of prematurityDuctus arteriosus,patentInfant,premature
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