摘要
目的 探讨中青年2型糖尿病患者饮食行为依从性变化轨迹的潜在类别及影响因素.方法 采用便利抽样法,调查2022年9月—2023年3月在淮安市某三级甲等综合医院内分泌科住院的277例中青年2型糖尿病患者,采用一般资料调查表、2型糖尿病患者饮食行为依从性量表、糖尿病控制自我效能量表、糖尿病知识问卷、健康信念问卷、家庭关怀度指数问卷收集患者的基线资料,在患者出院前1 d(T0)、出院后1周(T1)、出院后1个月(T2)、出院后3个月(T3)评估患者的饮食行为依从性水平,采用潜变量增长混合模型识别轨迹类别,采用单因素及多元Logistic回归分析中青年2型糖尿病患者的饮食依从性轨迹的影响因素.结果 共识别出3个中青年2型糖尿病患者饮食行为依从性变化轨迹类别,分别是低依从-波动起伏组(49.8%)、高依从-缓慢回落组(31.4%)、中依从-持续上升组(18.8%);年龄、文化程度、自我效能、健康信念、家庭关怀度是中青年2型糖尿病患者饮食行为依从性潜在类别的影响因素.结论 中青年2型糖尿病患者饮食行为依从性轨迹存在异质性,医护人员可根据轨迹类别的影响因素,制订针对性的干预措施,以提升其依从性水平.
Abstract
Objective To explore the potential categories and influencing factors of dietary behavioral adherence trajectories in young and middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods A convenience sampling method was used to investigate 277 young and middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to the Department of Endocrinology of a tertiary A hospital in Huai'an City,China,from September 2022 to March 2023.The baseline data were collected using a general information questionnaire,the Dietary Behavioral Compliance Scale for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus,the Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale,the Diabetes Knowledge Text,the Health Beliefs Questionnaire,and the Family APGAR Index Questionnaire.The baseline information was collected on the patients'behavioral adherence trajectories a day prior to hospital discharge(T0),a week post-discharge(T1),a month post-discharge(T2),and 3 months post-discharge(T3)to assess the level of patients'dietary behavioral adherence,using latent variable growth mixed models to identify trajectory categories,and univariate and multivariate logistic regression to analyze the influences on dietary adherence trajectories.Results A total of 3 trajectories of dietary behavior adherence in young and middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were identified,namely,low adherence-fluctuating group(49.8%),high adherence-slowly regressing group(31.4%),and medium adherence-continuously rising group(18.8%),and the results showed that age,literacy level,self-efficacy,health beliefs,and family caring were the factors influencing potential categories of dietary behavioral adherence for young and middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Conclusion There is heterogeneity in the adherence trajectories of young and middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,and healthcare professionals can develop targeted interventions according to the influencing factors of the trajectory categories in order to improve their adherence.
基金项目
中华医学会杂志社护理学科研究课题基金项目(CMAPH-NRG2022002)
维普
万方数据