摘要
目的 探究高校大学生近视现状与相关因素.方法 选取2021年9月—2023年6月山西工程科技职业大学在校学生342例,采用问卷调查其基线信息、生活习惯及学习习惯,以Logistic多因素分析确定相关因素.结果 342例大学生中,共有近视学生175例,其发生率为51.17％;近视组学习用眼时间>10h/d、户外活动<1h/d、体育锻炼时间<1h/d、睡眠时间<8h/d、存在眼疾病史、做作业姿势习惯不良、喜欢躺着看书及看电脑/手机时间≥4h的构成比更高,与视力正常组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);以近视为因变量,各项因素为自变量,经分析:学习用眼时间>10h/d、户外活动<1h/d、体育锻炼时间<1h/d、睡眠时间<8h/d、存在眼疾病史、做作业姿势习惯不良、喜欢躺着看书及看电脑/手机时间≥4h是大学生近视的相关影响因素.结论 高校大学生的近视率较高,多存在用眼习惯不良、坐姿较差、锻炼时间较短等问题,为减少近视发生,加强大学生近视相关知识宣讲,促使其养成良好的生活、学习习惯,延缓近视进展是关键.
Abstract
Objective To explore the current status and related factors of myopia of college students. Methods The paper chose 342 students in Shanxi Vocational University of Engineering Science and Technology from September 2021 to June 2023,investigated their baseline information,lifestyle habits,and study habits with questionnaire survey,and determined the relevant factors with logistic multivariate analysis. Results According to the investigation,there were 175 cases of myopia among 342 college students,with an incidence rate of 51.17％. The proportion in myopia group with eye use time of learning>10h/d,outdoor activity time<1h/d,physical exercise time<1h/d,sleep time<8h/d,history of eye diseases,poor homework posture habits,and preference for reading in bed and using computers/phones time≥ 4h is higher,difference is statistically significant compared with the normal vision group (P<0.05). With dependent variable of myopia and independent variables of various factors,the analysis shows eye use time of learning>10h/d,outdoor activity time<1h/d,physical exercise time<1h/d,sleep time<8h/d,history of eye diseases,poor homework posture habits,reading in bed,and using computers/mobile phones ≥ 4h are the relevant influencing factors of myopia of college students. Conclusion Through investigation and analysis,it is found that the myopia rate of college students is relatively high,and there are problems of poor eye habits,incorrect sitting posture,and short exercise time. To reduce incidence of myopia,it is crucial to strengthen the promotion of myopia related knowledge of college students,encourage them to develop good living and learning habits,and delay progression of myopia.
维普
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