Major depressive disorder(MDD)is a common mental disorder characterized by long-term low mood,anhedonia,and may even lead to suicidal behavior.The development and progression of MDD involves a range of pathological alterations in the central nervous system,including dysfunction of synaptic transmission,hyper-activation of neuroinflammation,and diminished neurogenesis.The transient receptor potential vanilloid 1(TRPV1)channel is highly expressed in brain regions associated with depression,and can regulate physiological activities such as neuroinflammation,neurogenesis,and synaptic transmission efficacy.Hence,the TRPV1 channel should be implicated in the pathogenesis of depression and be considered as a promising candidate for antidepressant treatment.This paper provides an overview of the structure and function of TRPV1 channel,with a focus on elucidating the potential mechanism of action of TRPV1 channel in depression,and explores its research trajectory and development prospects in the context of depression therapy.
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