摘要
目的 基于积极心理学视角对急诊科护士第二受害者经验与支持现状进行调查,并探讨其影响因素.方法 采用一般资料问卷、第二受害者经验及支持量表、心理脱离量表和创伤后成长自评量表,对浙江省10所综合性医院的355名急诊科护士进行问卷调查,分析第二受害者经验与支持发生情况,并采用多元线性回归进行影响因素分析.结果 样本人群中急诊科护士第二受害者经验及支持量表、创伤后成长量表、心理脱离量表总分分别为(89.63±10.83)分、(66.80±16.33)分、(13.23±3.63)分.第二受害者支持、心理脱离、创伤后成长得分呈正相关(r=0.275、0.434、0.212,均P＜0.001).单因素分析显示,急诊科护士性别、学历、职称、职务、平均月收入、是否为带教老师、对个人影响时间、是否听说过第二受害者概念是第二受害者经验与支持的影响因素(P＜0.05);多因素分析中,急诊科护士性别、学历、对个人影响时间、是否听说过第二受害者概念、心理脱离、创伤后成长是急诊科护士第二受害者经验与支持的主要影响因素(P＜0.05).结论 急诊科护士第二受害者经验与支持得分较高,心理困扰情况严重,但创伤后成长水平较高.建议医院完善相关支持,帮助护士培养积极情绪,提升急诊科护士职业获益感.
Abstract
Objective To investigate the current situation of second victim experience and support among emergency department(ED)nurses based on the perspective of positive psychology,and explore the influencing factors.Methods General data questionnaire,the Second Victim Experience and Support Tool,Psychological Detachment Scale and Post Traumatic Growth Inventory were used to investigate 355 emergency department nurses from 10 tertiary general hospitals in Zhejiang province.The second victim experience and support situation were analyzed,and multiple linear regression was used to analyze influencing factors.Results In the sample population,the total scores of the Second Victim Experience and Support Tool,Post Traumatic Growth Inventory and Psychological Detachment Scale were(89.63±10.83),(66.80±16.33)and(13.23±3.63)respectively.There were positive correlations between ED nurses'support,psychological detachment,and post-traumatic growth scores(r=0.275,0.434,and 0.212,all P＜0.001).In the univariate analysis,gender,education background,professional title,position,average monthly income,whether as a teacher,duration of personal influence,whether heard of the concept of the second victim were the influencing factors of the experience and support of the second victim(P＜0.05).In the multivariate analysis,gender,education background,duration of personal influence,whether heard of second victim concept,psychological detachment,and post-traumatic growth were the main factors affecting second victim experience and support among ED nurses(P＜0.05).Conclusion Emergency department nurses'second victim experience and support scores higher,psychological distress is serious,but the trauma growth level is higher.It is suggested that hospital should perfect support,help nurses to cultivate positive emotions,improve emergency nurses'professional benefits.
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