Oral health status and influencing factors in elderly patients with newly diag-nosed diabetes mellitus in Qionghai City
Objective To investigate the oral health status and its influencing factors in the elderly patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)in Qionghai City.Methods The study enrolled 376 elderly patients with newly diagnosed T2DM from June 2021 to January 2023 in Qionghai People's Hospital.Oral health examination was performed for the patients,and those with periodontal diseases were included in the observation group and those without in the control group.The patients'cognition of oral health in diabetes mellitus was investigated,and the factors such as oral health behavior,sleep quality,blood glucose control and regular exercise were compared between the two groups.Binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors affecting the periodontal diseases in the elderly patients with newly diagnosed T2DM.SPSS 22.0 was used for data analysis.According to the data type,t test or Chi-square test was used for comparison between groups.Results Of 367 questionnaires distributed,351(95.64％)were recovered as valid.There were 286(81.48％)patients with periodontal diseases,including 77 with gingivitis and 209 with periodontitis.The survey found that 19.94％(70/351)patients knew that diabetic patients were more likely to suffer from periodontal diseases,35.04％(123/351)knew that dental calculus and plaque would promote the occurrence of periodontal diseases,22.79％(80/351)knew that serious periodontal diseases would affect the blood glucose control,21.37％(75/351)knew that periodontal disease treatment would help blood glucose control,and 33.90％(119/351)knew that gingival bleeding was an early manifestation of periodontal diseases.Multivariate regression analysis suggested that body mass index≥24 kg/m2(OR=3.180,95％CI 1.516-6.672),smoking(OR=1.766,95％CI 1.375-2.270),and poor diabetes mellitus control(OR=2.104,95％CI 1.021-4.337)were the risk factors affecting the occurrence of periodontal diseases in the elderly patients with newly diagnosed T2DM,and that regular exercise(OR=2.447,95％CI 1.264-4.738),at least one oral health examination per year(OR=0.347,95％CI 0.148-0.815),vertical brushing(OR=0.431,95％CI 0.215-0.865),flossing or toothpick(OR=0.660,95％CI 0.456-0.956)and oral health related education(OR=0.476,95％CI 0.313-0.724)were the protective factors(P＜0.05).Conclusion Elderly patients with newly diagnosed T2DM in Qionghai City have a high prevalence of periodontal diseases and low awareness rate of periodontal disease-related knowledge.Encouraging patients to manage blood glucose well,quit smoking in time,develop regular exercises,a reasonable diet and good oral health behaviors as well as suggesting patients to do a good job in oral health education and be active in maintaining oral health care,may have certain value in improving the periodontal health of patients with T2DM in the later stage of the disease.
ageddiabetes mellitusnewly diagnosedperiodontal diseasesoral health cognitionoral health behavior
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