摘要
目的 调查 528 例老年人口腔健康生活质量的状况,分析影响老年人口腔健康生活质量的因素,为开展老年人口腔健康宣教活动提供参考.方法 选择 2022 年 5 月至 2023 年 5 月 528 例老年人作为研究对象,采用口腔健康评价指数量表(geriatric oral health assessment index,GOHAI)调查老年人口腔健康生活质量的状况,根据GOHAI量表评分将社区老人分为对照组(GOHAI≤24分)和观察组(GOHAI>24分).采用Logistic多元回归模型分析老年人口腔健康生活质量的影响因素.结果 528 例社区老年人中,口腔健康生活质量差的 381 例,占比 72.16%;口腔健康生活质量良好的社区老年人 147 例,占比 27.84%;观察组与对照组社区老年人在文化程度、吸烟、饮酒、刷牙频率、是否口腔疾病、天然牙数量、义齿情况、是否接受口腔健康教育、就医是否方便等差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);文化程度低、吸烟、饮酒、刷牙频率<2 次/天、口腔疾病、天然牙数量<15 个、义齿、未接受口腔健康教育及就医不方便是影响老年人口腔健康生活质量的影响因素(P<0.05).结论 社区老年人口腔健康受文化程度、吸烟、饮酒、刷牙频率、口腔疾病等多重因素影响,社区应积极开展口腔健康宣教活动,促进老年人口腔保健意识,提高晚年生活质量.
Abstract
Objective To investigate the oral health and quality of life of 528 elderly patients,analyze the factors affecting the oral health quality of the elderly,and provide reference for oral health education activities for the elderly.Methods 528 cases of elderly people from May 2022 to May 2023 were selected as the study objects.The geriatric oral health assessment index(GOHAI)was used to investigate the oral health and life quality of the elderly.According to GOHAI scale scores,the elderly in the community were divided into control group(GOHAI≥24 points)and observation group(GOHAI>24 points).Logistic multiple regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of oral health and quality of life in the elderly.Results Among 528 elderly people in the community,381 cases(72.16%)had poor oral health and quality of life.There were 147 elderly people with good oral health and quality of life,accounting for 27.84%;.There were statistically significant differences between the observation group and the control group in education level,smoking,drinking,brushing frequency,oral disease,number of natural teeth,denture,oral health education,and convenience of medical treatment(P<0.05).Low education level,smoking,drinking,brushing frequency<2 times/day,oral disease,number of natural teeth<15,denture,lack of oral health education and inconvenient medical treatment were the influential factors on oral health quality of the elderly patients(P<0.05).Conclusion The oral health of the elderly over 60 years old in the community is affected by multiple factors such as education level,smoking,drinking,brushing frequency and oral diseases.Community should actively carry out oral health education activities to promote the oral health awareness of the elderly and improve the quality of life in old age.
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