类器官作为来源于原代组织或干细胞的三维培养的细胞聚集体，可以自我组织，形成器官型结构，模拟组织的细胞微环境，并代表组织生理学。甲状腺滤泡组织是甲状腺激素生物合成的重要结构，虽目前来源于成体组织及多能干细胞的甲状腺滤泡已在体外实现长期扩增，但甲状腺类器官技术的发展依然面临许多挑战，建立更贴近人体真实情况的复合型甲状腺类器官依然是亟待解决的研究难点。现就甲状腺的发育过程、现有甲状腺类器官模型的相关应用及其构建方法的研究进展作一综述。 As cell aggregates in three-dimensional culture derived from primary tissues or stem cells, organoids possess the ability to self-organize into organotypic structures, mimic the cellular microenvironment, and represent tissue physiology. The thyroid′s follicular tissue plays a crucial role in thyroid hormone biosynthesis. Despite prolonged in vitro expansion of thyroid follicles from adult tissues and pluripotent stem cells have been expanded for a long time, the development of thyroid organoid technology still encounters numerous challenges. Establishing a comprehensive thyroid organoid that closely mimics the human body′s actual conditions remains a research challenge. This article reviews the development process of thyroid, the related applications of existing thyroid organoid models and the methods employed in the construction.
Advances in the research of thyroid organoid
As cell aggregates in three-dimensional culture derived from primary tissues or stem cells, organoids possess the ability to self-organize into organotypic structures, mimic the cellular microenvironment, and represent tissue physiology. The thyroid′s follicular tissue plays a crucial role in thyroid hormone biosynthesis. Despite prolonged in vitro expansion of thyroid follicles from adult tissues and pluripotent stem cells have been expanded for a long time, the development of thyroid organoid technology still encounters numerous challenges. Establishing a comprehensive thyroid organoid that closely mimics the human body′s actual conditions remains a research challenge. This article reviews the development process of thyroid, the related applications of existing thyroid organoid models and the methods employed in the construction.
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