Rural governance is the cornerstone of national governance,and rural development and construction cannot be separated from the important role of local women.Rural women,as important participants and promoters of rural governance,play a crucial role.Through in-depth interviews with 10 female practitioners and 17 female villagers in W Village,Hainan Province,this study explores the basic situation and difficulties of rural women's participation in village governance,obtains first-hand detailed information,and provides some effective references for improving the participation capacity of rural women in public governance.Research has shown that women in W village have a lower level of participation in village governance.After in-depth research,it was found that there are four major dilemmas that affect their participation in governance:physiological dilemmas,ideological dilemmas,educational level dilemmas,and self-awareness misalignment.The specific suggestion is to reduce the constraints on women in the family;Provide social resource support for women in W village to participate in village governance;Enhance the self-identity of women in W village and enhance their awareness of gender equality;Develop and cultivate the unique advantages of women in W village.