With the overall revitalization of rural areas and the promotion of the modernization of rural governance,rural multi-subject collaborative governance has become an important measure to achieve rural development.This paper discusses the composition and function of rural pluralistic subjects,and puts forward the roles of township government,village committees,social organizations,villagers and rural elites.However,at present,there are some difficulties,such as vague government responsibilities,lack of social forces and limited participation of villagers.On this basis,in order to optimize rural cooperative governance,we should clarify the leading role of the government,strengthen the assistance of social organizations,strengthen the ability of villagers'autonomy,and attach importance to the role of emerging rural talents.Through these paths,we can achieve the goal of modernization of rural governance and promote the overall revitalization of rural areas.