Common prosperity is the essential requirement of socialism and an important feature of Chinese modernization.In the context of the all-round revitalization of rural areas in Henan Province,rural revitalization is not only an important measure for us to achieve an agricultural power,but also the only way to achieve the goal of common prosperity.This paper analyzes the practical dilemmas faced by Henan Province in the process of achieving common prosperity,such as the significant gap between urban and rural areas in wealth,the low level of agricultural modernization development,the poor flow of urban and rural elements,the lack of excellent human resources,and the lack of public service guarantee,and discusses how to achieve common prosperity in the process of comprehensive rural revitalization.This study has certain theoretical and practical significance for guiding the rural revitalization work in Henan Province and promoting the common prosperity of rural areas.