Investigation and analysis on fruit characters of new excellent strains of sweet kernel apricot
For provide scientific basis for accurate analysis of fruit characters of sweet apricot hybrids and breeding of target superior lines.In this study,cluster analysis,correlation analysis and principal component analysis were carried out on the 10 characters of 38 new excellent strains of sweet kernel apricot in the core demonstration park of the Institute of Forestry and Fruit Research,Zhangjiakou Academy of Agricultural Sciences.The results showed that:38 sweet kernel apricot superior plants can be divided into 5 types when Euclidean distance is 8,of which the category Ⅰ is divided into big fruit type,but the average value of seed rate and karyotype index is the lowest;the average value of single fruit quality and single seed quality of the category Ⅱ is relatively large,but the average value of seed rate and kernel rate is relatively small,and the average value of single plant yield is relatively low;the mean value of all indicators in category Ⅲ is relatively middle,but the mean value of kernel rate is the lowest;the average value of each index in the category Ⅳ is relatively middle,and the kernel rate is relatively high;category V has the highest seed rate,kernel rate and karyotype index,but other indicators are the lowest.The single nucleus mass and single kernel mass were positively correlated with the thickness,length and width of nucleus and shell;there was a very significant negative correlation between the seed rate and the single fruit quality;The kernel rate was significantly negatively correlated with the thickness of the core and shell,and significantly negatively correlated with the mononuclear mass;the fruit stone yield per plant was positively correlated with the stone length and width.In the principal component analysis,the cumulative contribution rate of the first four components reached 83.949％.Among the top 10 excellent plants with the highest score,the ones with excellent kernel flavor were 13-32(Ⅰ),09-10(Ⅳ),16-46(Ⅰ),10-46(Ⅰ),10-03(Ⅱ),01-04(Ⅰ),respectively.Considering the kernel rate and pulp thickness,13-32(Ⅰ),09-10(Ⅳ),16-46(Ⅰ),10-46(Ⅰ)will be selected as the key excellent plants for new variety breeding and enter the next new variety breeding stage.
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