Flowering characteristics of five apricot cultivars in southern Xinjiang
5 apricot cultivars,including'Kumaiti',and other cultivars,used as test materials to investigate and determine the flowering phenology period,pollen viability,pistil abortion rate,stigma receptivity and fruit setting rate to provide reference for the selection of pollination trees and high and stable yield of apricot cultivars in this area.The results showed that of the 5 apricot cultivars,the earliest flower bud germination date was'Dabaiyouxing',the earliest initial flowering date was'Wuhouqi'and'Dabaiyouxing',and the earliest full flowering date was'Wuhouqi';meanwhile,the coefficient of variation among cultivars was maximum at the flower bud germination date with 51.35％and minimum at the blossom fall date with 5.66％.The pollen germination rate of'Kumaiti'was the highest,but it was significantly different from'Wanshujianali'.Pistil abortion rate varied significantly among cultivars,with the highest rate of pistil abortion was'Dabaiyouxing'and the lowest was'Kumaiti'.The optimum pollination period of stigma is different,among them,the stigmas of'Kumaiti','Wanshujianali'and'Wuhouqi'showed very strong receptivity on the 2 d and 3 d after flowering.There was a highly significant negative correlation between fruit setting rate and pistil abortion rate,and a positive correlation between fruit setting rate and pollen viability.The flowering time of 5 apricot cultivars lasted 6～9 d;pollen viability and fruit setting rate were stronger in'Wuhouqi'and'Kumaiti';'Dabaiyouxing'and'Wanshujianali'all had high rates of pistil abortion;the stigmas of'Kumaiti','Wanshujianali'and'Wuhouqi'all showed very strong receptivity during the best pollination date.
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