广西低海拔地区太秋甜柿落花落果规律及保花保果技术研究
Study on flower and fruit drop regularity and flower and fruit preservation techniques of'Taishuu'PCNA persimmon in low altitude areas of Guangxi
黄金盟 1江一红 1赵亚娟 1郭小强 1王明召 1全金成1
作者信息
- 1. 广西特色作物研究院,广西桂北特色经济作物种质创新与利用重点实验室,桂林 541004
- 折叠
摘要
2021-2024 年,以太秋/小果甜柿和太秋/亚林 6 号砧穗组合为试材,在广西低海拔(＜500 m)地区开展了落花落果规律观察及保花保果技术研究.结果表明:不同年份、不同砧穗组合太秋甜柿落花落果规律基本一致且均较严重,落花落果主要集中在花后前 11 周,占总落果量的 99.35%～100.00%.第 1 次落果高峰在花后前 5 周(4 月中旬至 5 月中旬),落果率为 70.07%～96.54%;第 2 次落果高峰在花后 8～11 周(6 月中旬至 7 月上旬),花后第 12 周(7 月中旬)后基本停止落果.通过喷施赤霉素(T1)、调环酸钙(T2)和主干环剥(T3)、主干环扎(T4)、疏花(T5)5 个保花保果处理,发现 5 个处理均可提高坐果率,其中T4 处理效果最好且稳定,生产上长势中庸和偏弱树保花保果不建议使用T3 和T4 方法,T1处理可显著降低花后 1～6 周的落果率.初步明确了太秋落花落果规律,探索了不同保花保果措施对落花落果的影响,为进一步制定广西低海拔地区太秋综合保花保果技术提供理论依据.
Abstract
The objective of this study was to clarify the law of flower and fruit dropping of different rootstocks of'Taishuu',a pollination constant and non-astringent(PCNA)persimmon in the low altitude area of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(<500 m),and screen measures to increase fruit set.The Taishuu/Xiaoguo Tianshi rootstock-scion combination and Taishuu/Yalin 6 rootstock-scion combination were used as the experiment materials to observe the law of flower and fruit drop from 2021 to 2024.The results showed that the law of flower and fruit dropping of'Taishuu'PCNA persimmon was basically consistent and the flowers and fruits dropping were all serious in different years and different rootstock-scion combinations.The fruit drop of'Taishuu'PCNA persimmon mainly concentrated in the first 11 weeks after flowering,during which the fruit drop accounted for 99.35%-100.00%of the total fruit drop.The first peak of fruit dropping occurred in the first 5 weeks after flowering(mid-April to mid-May),with a fruit drop rate of 70.07%to 96.54%.The second peak occurred in 8-11 weeks after flowering(mid-June to early July),and the fruit dropping basically stopped in the 12th week after flowering(mid-July).Five flower and fruit preservation treatments were set up,including foliar spraying of gibberellic acid(T1),foliar spraying of prohexadione calcium(T2),main trunk ring stripping(T3),main trunk ring tying(T4),and flower thinning(T5).It was found that different treatments could improve the fruit setting rate,among which T4 treatment had the best and stable effect,and T1 treatment could significantly reduce the fruit setting rate during 1-6 weeks after flowering.Plants with moderate or weak growth potential are not recommended for T3 and T4 treatments for preserving flowers and fruits.The study initially clarified the law of flower and fruit dropping of'Taishuu'PCNA persimmon and explored the influence of different flower and fruit preservation methods on the fruit setting rate,which provided a theoretical basis for further developing the comprehensive flower and fruit preservation technology of'Taishuu'PCNA persimmon in low altitude area of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.
关键词
广西/低海拔地区/甜柿/太秋/落花落果/保花保果Key words
Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region/low altitude area/PCNA persimmon/'Taishuu'/flower and fruit dropping/flower and fruit retention引用本文复制引用
出版年
2025
NETL
NSTL
万方数据