摘要
地熊蜂Bombus terrestris是商业化程度最高的熊蜂种之一,为农业的发展起到了不可替代的作用.本研究旨在深入了解蜂王在不同滞育时间下对繁育特性的影响,从而优化完善人工饲养技术,以达到提高蜂群的繁育效率的目的.通过对不同滞育期(60d、90d和120d)处理的蜂王,对蜂王的存活率、蜂王产卵效率、蜂王产卵前期时间、始见工蜂时间、始见雄性蜂时间、始见子代蜂王时间、子代雄性蜂总数、子代处女王总数和蜂群可应用率等指标进行比较分析.结果表明,滞育期为90d时蜂王的存活率(93.33％±2.89％)、蜂王产卵率(65.00％±5.00％)、始见工蜂时间(40.86±11.94d)和子代雄性蜂总数(198.33±37.47)显著高于滞育期为120d的蜂王,而蜂王产卵前期时间、始见雄性蜂时间、始见子代蜂王时间、子代处女王总数和蜂群可应用率并没有因蜂王滞育期的改变而受到影响.
Abstract
Bombus terrestris,one of the most extensively domesticated bumblebee species,plays an irreplaceable role in the development of agriculture.This study aims to gain a deeper understanding of the influence of varying reproductive diapause durations on the breeding characteristics of queen bees,with the goal of optimizing and refining artificial breeding techniques to enhance the breeding efficiency of bee colonies.Queens were exposed to different diapause periods(60 days,90 days,and 120 days),various indicators such as queen survival rate,queen egg-laying efficiency,pre-oviposition period,duration up to the first worker emergence,duration up to the first progeny queen emergence,duration up to the first male emergence,number of male progeny,number of progeny queens and proportion of applicable colonies were compared and analyzed.The results indicate that a diapause period of 120 days significantly reduces queen survival rate(68.33％±7.64％),queen egg-laying efficiency(35.00％±8.66％),duration up to the first worker emergence(33.81±7.14 days),and number of male progeny(181.85±24.29).The results indicate that,when the diapause period is 90 days,the queen survival rate(93.33％±2.89％),queen egg-laying efficiency(65.00％±5.00％),duration up to the first worker emergence(40.86±11.94 days),and number of male progeny(198.33±37.47)significantly increase compared to queen bees with diapause periods of 120 days.However,the pre-oviposition period,duration up to the first male emergence,duration up to the first progeny queen emergence,number of progeny queens and proportion of applicable colonies remain unaffected by changes in the queen's reproductive diapause period.
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