Study on the Distribution Regularities and Karyotype of the Wild Medicinal Germplasm Resources in Bletilla Rchb.f.from Guizhou
The distribution of germplasm resources of wild Bletilla Rchb.f.medicinal plants in Guizhou Province was studied,and the chromosome karyotypes of different populations were analyzed by means of conventional tablet method using root tips as raw materials,so as to provide the basis for wild Bletilla Rchb.f.germplasm conservation and artificial breeding.The results showed that the wild Bletilla Rchb.f.germplasm resources were widely distributed in Guizhou Province.Among them,the altitude distribution of Bletilla ochracea Schltr.ranged from 398 m to 1 300 m,and the growth environment was mainly grass,while the altitude distribution of Bletilla formosana(Hayata)Schltr.ranged from 620 m to 1 899 m,of which growth environment was mainly grass,rock wall or stone wall.Karyotype analysis showed that all 8 populations were diploid,with chromosome base x=16 and chromosome number 2n=2x=32.There were three centromere locations,m,sm and st.There were two types of karyotype,2B and 2C,mainly 2B,among which the nuclear asymmetry co-efficient of Bletilla ochracea Schltr.and Bletilla formosana(Hayata)Schltr.ranged from 59.18％to 62.18％,and the nuclear asymmetry coefficient of Bletilla formosana(Hayata)Schltr.was from 57.44％to 60.34％.The distribution of Bletilla ochracea Schltr.and Bletilla formosana(Hayata)Schltr.was different.The former was mainly at middle and low altitude,while the latter was mainly at middle and high altitude.Germplasm resources of wild Bletilla Rchb.f.medicinal plants in Guizhou were diverse in karyotype,and there were some differences between species and within spe-cies.
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