摘要
本研究测定了 107份玉米株高、穗位高、穗长、穗粗、秃尖、穗行数、行粒数、百粒重、穗重、籽粒重、籽粒含水量、出籽率、单株产量、抽雄期、吐丝期等15个性状指标,并对其进行变异分析、主成分分析、相关性分析、聚类分析.结果表明,107份玉米自交系差异较大,其变异系数为5.60％～99.42％;主成分分析表明,生育期、穗长、秃尖、株高、穗位高、穗粗、穗行数、行粒数、百粒重、籽粒含水量等性状是玉米自交系选育过程中最重要的性状,5个主成分对变异的累积贡献率达到71.30％;相关性分析表明,行粒数、穗行数、穗粗、吐丝期与籽粒产量呈极显著正相关,穗位高与籽粒产量呈显著正相关,抽雄期与籽粒产量呈极显著负相关;聚类分析将所有供试材料划分为三大类群,类群Ⅰ有75个自交系,占比70％,以早熟材料为主;类群Ⅱ有30个自交系,占比28％,植株、穗位高相对较低,果穗粗短,以中熟自交系为主;类群Ⅲ有2个自交系(lh3、lh29),植株相对高大,果穗细长,熟期相对较晚.
Abstract
In this study,15 traits such as plant height,ear height,ear length,ear diameter,head tip,row number of ears,row number of grains,100 grain weight,ear weight,kernel weight,grain water content,seed yield per plant,desanking stage and spinning stage of 107 maize(Zea mays L.)samples were determined,and variation analysis,principal component analysis,correlation analysis and cluster analysis were carried out.The results showed that 107 inbred lines had great differences,and the coefficient of variation ranged from 5.60％to 99.42％.Principal component analysis showed that growth period,ear length,bald tip,plant height,ear height,ear diameter,row number of ears,kernel number of rows,100 kernel weight and grain water content were the most important traits in the breeding process of maize inbred lines,and the cumulative contribution rate of 5 principal compo-nents to variation reached 71.30％.Correlation analysis showed that row number,panicle number,panicle size and spinnery stage were positively correlated with grain yield,panicle height was positive-ly correlated with grain yield,and tasseling stage was negatively correlated with grain yield.All the tested materials were divided into three groups by cluster analysis.Group Ⅰ had 75 inbred lines,accounting for 70％,and precocious materials were the main ones.There were 30 inbred lines in Group Ⅱ,accounting for 28％.The height of plant and ear was relatively low,and the ear was short.There were two inbred lines(lh3 and lh29)in Group Ⅲ,which had relatively tall plants,slender ears and relatively late ripening stage.
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
维普
万方数据