Primary liver cancer is one of the most common malignant tumours in China. Surgical resection is important to achieve long-term survival and even cure for liver cancer patients,but the postoperative recurrence rate is high. Most of the patients are already in the middle or late stage at the time of initial diagnosis and are not suitable for surgical resection,so how to improve the prognosis of liver cancer patients has become a difficult problem that needs to be solved urgently. In recent years,FOLFOX regimen of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (FOLFOX-HAIC)-based conversion and neoadjuvant therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma has improved the survival benefit of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. To clarify the roles of FOLFOX-HAIC-based conversion therapy and neoadjuvant therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma,this article provides a systematic review of the application and research progress of FOLFOX-HAIC-based preoperative therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma and discusses the potential advantages of FOLFOX-HAIC-based neoadjuvant therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.