间充质干细胞来源的细胞外囊泡:治疗创伤性颅脑损伤的新策略
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles:a novel strategy for traumatic brain injury treatment
刘志勇 1龙乾发 2郭世文1
作者信息
- 1. 西安交通大学第一附属医院神经外科,陕西 西安 716000
- 2. 西安交通大学附属西安市中心医院神经外科,陕西 西安 716000
- 折叠
摘要
创伤性颅脑损伤(traumatic brain injury,TBI)是由外力导致的颅脑结构和功能的改变或损伤,常导致严重的认知、运动和情感障碍,给患者、家属和社会带来沉重负担.间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)具有自我更新和多向分化潜能,在组织修复和再生医学领域备受关注.研究发现,MSCs的治疗效应主要由其衍生的细胞外囊泡(extracellular vesicles,EVs)介导.MSCs来源的细胞外囊泡(mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles,MSC-EVs)具有穿透血脑屏障、免疫调节和组织修复等特性,在TBI治疗中显示出巨大潜力.本综述系统总结了MSC-EVs在TBI治疗中的研究进展,重点讨论了EVs的生物学特性、作用机制、临床应用前景,并对现存的问题和未来的研究方向进行了展望.MSC-EVs有望成为TBI精准治疗的新策略,但其临床转化仍面临诸多挑战,需要多学科交叉合作,深入推进基础和临床研究.
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is caused by external forces leading to changes or damage in the structure and function of the brain,often resulting in severe cognitive,motor,and emotional impairments,which impose a heavy burden on patients,families,and the society.Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs),with their potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation,have attracted significant attention in the field of tissue repair and regenerative medicine.Studies have shown that the therapeutic effects of MSCs are mainly mediated by their derived extracellular vesicles(EVs).Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles(MSC-EVs)possess the ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier,regulate the immune system,and promote tissue repair,demonstrating great potential in the treatment of TBI.This review systematically summarizes the research progress of MSC-EVs in TBI treatment,focusing on the biological characteristics,mechanisms of action,and clinical application prospects of EVs,and also addressing the existing challenges and future research directions.MSC-EVs are expected to become a new strategy for the precise treatment of TBI,but their clinical translation still faces numerous challenges,requiring interdisciplinary collaboration to further advance both basic and clinical research.
关键词
创伤性颅脑损伤/间充质干细胞/细胞外囊泡/神经保护/组织修复与再生Key words
Traumatic brain injury(TBI)/Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)/Extracellular vesicles(EVs)/Neuroprotection/Tissue repair and regeneration引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家自然科学基金(82171353)
陕西省杰出青年科学基金(2023-JC-JQ-69)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据