Research progress on the role of stem cell-derived exosomes in improving pathological cicatrix
Pathological cicatrix is common in plastic surgery and is usually categorized as hypertrophic scarring and keloids,the formation of which may result in hyperplasia and fibrosis of skin tissue. However,the formation of pathological scarring is an extremely complex process,mainly due to the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix ( ECM ) during wound healing. Pathological cicatrix leads to impaired quality of life and psychological well-being due to cosmetic deformities,itching,pain,and dyskinesia,but there are no definitive treatments to eliminate cicatrix. Stem cell-derived exosomes have potential influence as novel extracellular vesicles in scar formation and development.This paper is a review of the research progress of stem cell-derived exosomes in pathological cicatrix,including the mechanism of action in anti-inflammatory effects,promotion of angiogenesis,and regulation of matrix remodeling for improving pathological cicatrix,as well as the current challenges and future directions.
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