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人工智能赋能机器人辅助关节外科手术的应用、研究进展及展望

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机器人关节外科手术(RJS)在人工全髋关节和全膝关节置换术中展现出高度精准性和可重复性,而人工智能(AI)的引入明显提升了手术规划、注册配准、机械臂控制及任务自主等关键环节的智能化水平。AI赋能的手术规划通过深度学习技术提高了假体放置的准确性,AI驱动的注册配准技术则克服了传统方法在精度和效率上的不足。利用强化学习和神经网络技术进一步优化了机械臂控制和操作精度,及人机交互体验。随着AI技术的不断发展,RJS有望在高度自主化、多模态感知和人机协作等领域实现重要突破,推动关节置换手术向更加智能化、个性化的方向迈进。
Artificial intelligence-powered robotic joint surgery:application,research progress,and prospects
Robotic joint surgery(RJS)has demonstrated high precision and reproducibility in total hip and knee arthroplasty,the integration of artificial intelligence(AI)has further enhanced the intelligence level of key processes,including surgical planning,registration,surgical manipulator control,and robot autonomy.Al-powered surgical planning improves implant positioning accuracy through deep learning,while Al-powered registration overcomes the limitations of traditional methods in precision and efficiency.Additionally,reinforcement learning and neural networks have optimized surgical manipulator control,improving operational accuracy and human-robot interaction.As Al continues to advance,RJS is expected to make significant strides in automation,multimodal sensing,and human-robot collaboration,driving arthroplasty surgeries toward higher levels of intelligence and individual treatment.

Arthroplasty,replacementRoboticsRobotic surgeryArtificial intelligenceRobot autonomy

王岩

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解放军总医院第一医学中心骨科,北京 100853

关节成形术,置换 机器人 机器人手术 人工智能 机器人自主性

2025

中华外科杂志
中华医学会

中华外科杂志

北大核心
影响因子:1.611
ISSN:0529-5815
年,卷(期):2025.63(1)