摘要
食管癌是我国常见的恶性肿瘤之一，目前针对可切除食管癌患者的治疗方案仍以手术治疗为主。吻合口瘘是食管癌切除术后常见的消化道并发症，它的临床表现极其庞杂，从无症状到脓毒血症伴多脏器衰竭都有可能发生。发生吻合口瘘会增加患者90天死亡率，为患者和医生带来额外的经济和工作负担。预防吻合口瘘及选择合理有效的治疗方案可使患者显著获益。目前临床上处理术后吻合口瘘的治疗方案主要有保守治疗、非手术治疗和手术治疗3种。普遍认为应该针对吻合口瘘的特征来选择治疗方案，但对于何种方案使患者获益最大，尚未形成统一的认知。因此目前需要有更多的临床数据来证明特定治疗方式的确定适应证，以辅助临床医生在治疗方案上做出最优的选择。
Abstract
Esophageal carcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumors in China. At present, the main treatment regimen for resectable esophageal cancer is still surgery. Anastomotic leakage is a common complication after esophagectomy. Its clinical manifestations are extremely complex, ranging from asymptomatic to sepsis with multiple organ failure. The occurrence of anastomotic leakage will increase the 90-day mortality of patients and impose medical and financial burden to physicians and patients. The prevention of anastomotic leakage and the rational choice of treatment can benefit patients significantly. Currently, the clinical treatment of postoperative anastomotic leakage mainly includes conservative treatment, non-operative treatment and operative treatment. It is generally believed that the treatment should be chosen according to the characteristics of anastomotic leakage, but there is no consensus on which treatment benefits the patients most. Therefore, more clinical data are currently needed to prove the advantages of a certain treatment for definite indications, so as to assist the physicians to make the optimal choice.
万方数据