Study on the correlation between pulmonary ground-glass nodules and Helicobacter pylori infection
Objective To investigate the relationship between pulmonary ground-glass nodule(GGN)and Helicobacter pylori(Hp)infection in the physical examination population in Shanghai area.Methods A total of 42318 subjects were included who underwent lung CT examination and 13C urea breath test(UBT)at the health examination center of Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University from January 2021 to December 2021.The subjects were divided into GGN and non-GGN groups,the differences of tumor markers and Hp positive rate between the two groups were analyzed using independent sample t test,Mann-Whitney U test and Chi-squared test.The association between GGN and Hp positive was analyzed by Logistic regression.Results The proportion of GGN positive subjects was higher in females than in males(20.67%vs.14.43%),and the Hp positive rate was higher in males than in females(26.89%vs.20.66%).The Hp positive rate in the GGN group was lower than that in the non-GGN group(22.33%vs.24.15%).The differences were all statistically significant.The age,NSE,CA199,AFP were significantly higher in the GGN group than those in the non-GGN group.The male proportion,body mass index,white blood cell,hemoglobin,squamous cell carcinoma antigen and carcinoembryonic antigen were significantly lower in the GGN group than those in the non-GGN group.Logistic regression analysis also showed a significantly negative correlation between GGN and Hp positive after adjusting for confounding factors(OR=0.863,P<0.001).Conclusion The formation of GGN is associated with many risk factors,and Hp infection may have a protective effect on the occurrence of GGN.