Consensus on the laboratory diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21 hydroxylase deficiency
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21羟化酶缺陷(21-OHD)是由于编码参与糖皮质激素和盐皮质激素合成的细胞色素P450氧化酶(P450C21)的CYP21A2基因缺陷导致的遗传病，是先天性肾上腺皮质增生症最常见的类型，其确诊需结合临床表现、实验室生化指标和分子遗传学检测的结果综合判断。由于CYP21A2结构复杂，对其进行基因诊断需采用特殊的检测方法以排除假基因的干扰。近年来，21-OHD的类固醇激素谱生化检测技术和三代测序分子诊断技术逐渐得到推广。为进一步规范21-OHD的实验室诊断，由中华医学会儿科分会罕见病学组、中国医师协会医学遗传医师分会、中国妇幼保健协会分子遗传专委会及上海市医学会分子诊断专科分会组织专家进行讨论，并参考国内外的最新研究进展和共识指南，就21-OHD的实验室诊断规范制定本共识。 21 hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD), the most common form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia, is caused by defects in CYP21A2 gene, which encodes the cytochrome P450 oxidase (P450C21) involved in glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid synthesis. The diagnosis of 21-OHD is based on the comprehensive evaluation of clinical manifestation, biochemical alteration and molecular genetics results. Due to the complex structure of CYP21A2, special techniques are required to perform delicate analysis to avoid the interference of its pseudogene. Recently, the state-of-the-art diagnostic methods were applied to the clinic gradually, including the steroid hormone profiling and third generation sequencing. To standardize the laboratory diagnosis of 21-OHD, this consensus was drafted on the basis of the extensive knowledge, the updated progress and the published consensuses and guidelines worldwide by expert discussion organized by Rare Diseases Group of Pediatric Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Medical Genetics Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Birth Defect Prevention and Molecular Genetics Branch of China Maternal and Child Health Association. and Molecular Diagnosis Branch of Shanghai Medical Association.
21 hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD), the most common form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia, is caused by defects in CYP21A2 gene, which encodes the cytochrome P450 oxidase (P450C21) involved in glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid synthesis. The diagnosis of 21-OHD is based on the comprehensive evaluation of clinical manifestation, biochemical alteration and molecular genetics results. Due to the complex structure of CYP21A2, special techniques are required to perform delicate analysis to avoid the interference of its pseudogene. Recently, the state-of-the-art diagnostic methods were applied to the clinic gradually, including the steroid hormone profiling and third generation sequencing. To standardize the laboratory diagnosis of 21-OHD, this consensus was drafted on the basis of the extensive knowledge, the updated progress and the published consensuses and guidelines worldwide by expert discussion organized by Rare Diseases Group of Pediatric Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Medical Genetics Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Birth Defect Prevention and Molecular Genetics Branch of China Maternal and Child Health Association. and Molecular Diagnosis Branch of Shanghai Medical Association.
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