Clinical and genetic analysis of a child with X-linked dominant Alport syndrome
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目的 探讨1例X连锁显性遗传Alport综合征(XLAS)患儿的临床特征及基因变异特点。 方法 选取2019年5月至郑州大学第一附属医院肾内科就诊的1例XLAS患儿为研究对象。收集患儿的临床资料。应用二代测序(NGS)对患者进行基因检测，针对候选致病变异，进行Sanger测序家系验证。 结果 患为12岁男性，儿主要临床表现为肉眼血尿、蛋白尿、肾病综合征，呈渐进性肾损害，伴听力下降，肾穿刺病理活组织检查提示肾小球基底膜弥散厚薄不均。基因检测结果提示患儿及其母亲携带COL4A5基因c.2632G>A(p.G878R)半合子变异，其父亲及弟弟该位点为野生型。该变异既往未见报道，根据美国医学遗传学和基因组学学会相关指南评估为致病性变异(PS1＋PM1＋PM2_Supporting＋PP3) 结论 母源性COL4A5基因c.2632G>A(p.G878R)变异可能为该XLAS患儿的遗传学病因。本研究丰富了COL4A5基因的变异谱。 Objective To investigate the clinical features and genetic variant of a child with X-linked dominant Alport syndrome (XLAS). Methods A child who had presented at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University in May 2019 was selected as the study subject. Clinical data of the child was collected. Next generation sequencing (NGS) was carried out for the child. Candidate variants were validated by Sanger sequencing of his family members. Results The child, a 12-year-old boy, had mainly manifested gross hematuria, proteinuria, nephrotic syndrome, and progressive renal impairment in conjunct with hearing loss. Kidney biopsy has revealed uneven glomerular basement membrane thickness. DNA sequencing revealed that the child and his mother have both carried a heterozygous c. 2632G>A (p.G878R) variant of theCOL4A5 gene, for which his father and brother were of the wild type. This variant was unreported previously. Based on the guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics, the variant was classified as pathogenic (PS1+ PM1+ PM2_Supporting+ PP3). Conclusion The maternally derived hemizygous c. 2632G>A (p.G878R) variant of theCOL4A5 gene probably underlay the XLAS in this child. Above finding has enriched the mutational spectrum of the COL4A5 gene.
Objective To investigate the clinical features and genetic variant of a child with X-linked dominant Alport syndrome (XLAS). Methods A child who had presented at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University in May 2019 was selected as the study subject. Clinical data of the child was collected. Next generation sequencing (NGS) was carried out for the child. Candidate variants were validated by Sanger sequencing of his family members. Results The child, a 12-year-old boy, had mainly manifested gross hematuria, proteinuria, nephrotic syndrome, and progressive renal impairment in conjunct with hearing loss. Kidney biopsy has revealed uneven glomerular basement membrane thickness. DNA sequencing revealed that the child and his mother have both carried a heterozygous c. 2632G>A (p.G878R) variant of theCOL4A5 gene, for which his father and brother were of the wild type. This variant was unreported previously. Based on the guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics, the variant was classified as pathogenic (PS1+ PM1+ PM2_Supporting+ PP3). Conclusion The maternally derived hemizygous c. 2632G>A (p.G878R) variant of theCOL4A5 gene probably underlay the XLAS in this child. Above finding has enriched the mutational spectrum of the COL4A5 gene.
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