目的 分析1例神经元蜡样脂褐质沉积症1型(CLN1)合并遗传性高铁蛋白血症-白内障综合征(HHCS)患儿的临床及遗传学特征。 方法 以2020年11月郑州大学第一附属医院收治的1例患儿作为研究对象。收集患儿的临床资料，对其进行基因检测，并结合文献回顾分析其临床和遗传变异的特点，为早期识别提供思路。 结果 患儿 男，3岁，以视力损害、进行性认知和运动功能倒退、癫痫发作为主要表现。磁共振成像提示双侧大脑半球脑沟加深、髓鞘发育明显落后。棕榈酰蛋白硫酯酶活力偏低(8.4 nmol/g/min，正常参考值：132.2 ～ 301.4 nmol/g/min)，血清铁蛋白升高(2 417.70 ng/mL，正常参考值：30 ～ 400 ng/mL)。眼底成像示视网膜色素变性。全外显子测序发现患儿PPT1基因存在c.280A>C及c.124-124＋3delG复杂杂合突变，分别遗传自父亲和母亲，二者既往均未见报道。此外，其FTL基因存在c.-160A>G杂合变异，遗传自父亲。结合患儿的临床表型和遗传变异，诊断其为CLN1和HHCS。 结论 PPT1基因的c.280A>C和c.124-124＋3delG复合杂合变异及FTL基因的c.-160A>C变异可能是患儿的遗传学病因。临床对于视力损害进展较快的CLN1患儿，应进一步完善眼科检查并详细询问家族史，对高度怀疑合并HHCS的患儿应尽早通过基因检测确诊。 Objective To analyze the clinical data and genetic characteristics of a child with CLN1 neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis in conjunct with hereditary hyperferritinemia cataract syndrome (HHCS). Methods A child who was admitted to the PICU of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University in November 2020 was selected as the study subject. Clinical data of the child was collected. Genetic testing was carried out for the child, and the result was analyzed in the light of literature review to explore the clinical and genetic characteristics to facilitate early identification. Results The patient, a 3-year-old male, had mainly presented with visual impairment, progressive cognitive and motor regression, and epilepsy. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging revealed deepened sulci in bilateral cerebral hemispheres, and delayed myelination. The activity of palmitoyl protein thioesterase was low (8.4 nmol/g/min, reference range: 132.2 ~ 301.4 nmol/g/min), whilst serum ferritin was increased (2 417.70 ng/mL, reference range: 30 ~ 400 ng/mL). Fundoscopy has revealed retinal pigment degeneration. Whole exome sequencing revealed that he has harbored c. 280A>C and c. 124-124+ 3delG compound heterozygous variants of thePPT1 gene, which were respectively inherited from his father and mother. Neither variant has been reported previously. The child has also harbored a heterozygous c. -160A>G variant of theFTL gene, which was inherited from his father. Based on the clinical phenotype and results of genetic testing, the child was diagnosed as CLN1 and HHCS. Conclusion The compound heterozygous variants of the PPT1 gene probably underlay the disorders in this child. For children with CLN1 and rapidly progressing visual impairment, ophthalmological examination should be recommended, and detailed family history should be taken For those suspected for HHCS, genetic testing should be performed to confirm the diagnosis.
Analysis of a child with CLN1 neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis in conjunct with hereditary hyperferinemia cataract syndrome
Objective To analyze the clinical data and genetic characteristics of a child with CLN1 neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis in conjunct with hereditary hyperferritinemia cataract syndrome (HHCS). Methods A child who was admitted to the PICU of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University in November 2020 was selected as the study subject. Clinical data of the child was collected. Genetic testing was carried out for the child, and the result was analyzed in the light of literature review to explore the clinical and genetic characteristics to facilitate early identification. Results The patient, a 3-year-old male, had mainly presented with visual impairment, progressive cognitive and motor regression, and epilepsy. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging revealed deepened sulci in bilateral cerebral hemispheres, and delayed myelination. The activity of palmitoyl protein thioesterase was low (8.4 nmol/g/min, reference range: 132.2 ~ 301.4 nmol/g/min), whilst serum ferritin was increased (2 417.70 ng/mL, reference range: 30 ~ 400 ng/mL). Fundoscopy has revealed retinal pigment degeneration. Whole exome sequencing revealed that he has harbored c. 280A>C and c. 124-124+ 3delG compound heterozygous variants of thePPT1 gene, which were respectively inherited from his father and mother. Neither variant has been reported previously. The child has also harbored a heterozygous c. -160A>G variant of theFTL gene, which was inherited from his father. Based on the clinical phenotype and results of genetic testing, the child was diagnosed as CLN1 and HHCS. Conclusion The compound heterozygous variants of the PPT1 gene probably underlay the disorders in this child. For children with CLN1 and rapidly progressing visual impairment, ophthalmological examination should be recommended, and detailed family history should be taken For those suspected for HHCS, genetic testing should be performed to confirm the diagnosis.
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