目的 探讨1例Al Kaissi综合征患儿的遗传学病因，并为其家系提供产前诊断。 方法 选取2021年3月6日于河南省郑州大学第一附属医院就诊的1例Al Kaissi综合征患儿为研究对象。提取患儿基因组DNA，应用拷贝数变异测序(CNV-seq)和全外显子组测序(WES)技术对患儿进行遗传变异筛查，应用PCR-琼脂糖凝胶电泳和实时荧光定量PCR技术(qPCR)对筛查结果进行验证，同时验证其父母以明确变异来源，并对该家系的产前绒毛样本进行检测。 结果 患儿为6岁4个月男性，具有低耳位、招风耳和三角脸等特殊面容，语言和智力发育迟缓，存在先天性室间隔缺损。CNV-seq结果未见明显异常，WES结果提示患儿CDK10基因第1、2外显子纯合缺失，PCR-琼脂糖凝胶电泳和qPCR结果进一步证实患儿父母均为CDK10基因第1、2外显子杂合缺失携带者。该家系产前绒毛样本提示胎儿为CDK10基因第1、2外显子杂合缺失携带者。 结论 结合临床表型，上述患儿考虑为CDK10基因第1、2外显子纯合缺失所致的Al Kaissi综合征。 Objective To explore the genetic etiology of a child with delayed growth and development and carry out a literature review. Methods A child suspected for Al Kaissi syndrome at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University on March 6, 2021 was selected as the study subject. Following extraction of genomic DNA, the child was subjected to copy number variation sequencing (CNV-seq) and whole exome sequencing (WES), and candidate variants were verified by PCR-agarose gel electrophoresis and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Prenatal diagnosis was conducted on chorionic villi sample upon subsequent pregnancy. Results The child, a 6-year-and-4-month-old boy, has dysmorphic features including low-set protruding ears and triangular face, delayed language and intellectual development, and ventricular septal defect. CNV-seq result has found no obvious abnormality, whilst WES revealed homozygous deletion of exons 1 and 2 of the CDK10 gene, which was confirmed by PCR -agarose gel electrophoresis and qPCR. Both of his parents were heterozygous carriers. Prenatal diagnosis using chorionic villi samples suggested that the fetus also carried the heterozygous deletion. Conclusion The clinical features of Al Kaissi syndrome in this child can probably be attributed to the homozygous deletion of exons 1 and 2 of the CDK10 gene.
Genetic analysis of a case with Al Kaissi syndrome and a literature review
Objective To explore the genetic etiology of a child with delayed growth and development and carry out a literature review. Methods A child suspected for Al Kaissi syndrome at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University on March 6, 2021 was selected as the study subject. Following extraction of genomic DNA, the child was subjected to copy number variation sequencing (CNV-seq) and whole exome sequencing (WES), and candidate variants were verified by PCR-agarose gel electrophoresis and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Prenatal diagnosis was conducted on chorionic villi sample upon subsequent pregnancy. Results The child, a 6-year-and-4-month-old boy, has dysmorphic features including low-set protruding ears and triangular face, delayed language and intellectual development, and ventricular septal defect. CNV-seq result has found no obvious abnormality, whilst WES revealed homozygous deletion of exons 1 and 2 of the CDK10 gene, which was confirmed by PCR -agarose gel electrophoresis and qPCR. Both of his parents were heterozygous carriers. Prenatal diagnosis using chorionic villi samples suggested that the fetus also carried the heterozygous deletion. Conclusion The clinical features of Al Kaissi syndrome in this child can probably be attributed to the homozygous deletion of exons 1 and 2 of the CDK10 gene.
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