Effect of γ-Linolenic Acid on Memory Decline in Diabetic mice and Its Mechanism
Objective To explore the effect of γ-linolenic acid(GLA)on memory decline in diabetic mice and its mechanism.Methods Sixteen 8-week-old wild-type mice,including 8 males and 8 females,were divided into GLA group and control group.All mice were given a diet of 1 g/kg D-fructose plus 10%drinking water(for 40 days)to induce memory decline model of diabetic mouse.Mice in the control group were given 1 mg/kg normal saline by gavage daily,and mice in the GLA group were given 1 mg/kg GLA by gavage daily.After 7 days of intervention,the learning and memory disorders of the mice were assessed by Morris water maze.The cerebral cortex and hippocampus tissues of the mice were collected after the mice were sacrificed,and the pathological changes of the two tissues were examined by HE staining.The ultrastructural chan-ges of neurons in the hippocampus were observed by transmission electron microscopy.The expression levels of GRP78,GRP94,NOX2 and NOX4 proteins in mouse hippocampus were detected by Western blot assay.Results The escape latency of GLA group was lower than that of control group,while the number of loop crossing was higher than that of control group(P<0.05).The pathological changes of cerebral cortex and hippocampal tissue and the damage degree of hippocampal neu-ron ultrastructure in GLA group were less than those in control group.The expression levels of GRP78,GRP94,NOX2 and NOX4 proteins in the hippocampus of GLA group were lower than those of control group(P<0.05).Conclusion GLA can ameliorate memory decline in diabetic mice by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress response of hippocampal neurons.
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