目的 探讨应用自体脂肪移植联合毛发移植治疗烧伤后质硬、菲薄头皮扁平瘢痕的临床效果。 方法 回顾性分析2017年1月至2022年12月北京大学第三医院成形外科收治的烧伤后质硬、菲薄头皮扁平瘢痕患者的临床资料。术中于下腹部或大腿外侧抽吸脂肪，静置15 min后注射于头皮瘢痕下，质硬、菲薄瘢痕区域约0.8 ml/cm2，较厚柔软瘢痕区域0.2～0.4 ml/cm2。脂肪移植3个月之后再于瘢痕秃发区行毛发移植，移植密度：质硬、菲薄瘢痕区域为25～35毛囊单位(FUs)/cm2，较厚柔软瘢痕区域为30～40 FUs/cm2。由2名第三方整形外科主治医师应用温哥华瘢痕量表(VSS)，分别在头皮脂肪移植术前和移植3个月后毛发移植前对所有患者头皮质硬、菲薄的瘢痕区域进行评分。VSS评分以M(Q1，Q3)表示，术前和术后比较采用配对样本Wilcoxon符号秩检验。植发术中记录质硬、菲薄的瘢痕区域内植入毛发的密度，毛发移植术后末次随访时测量该部位成活头发的密度，计算出毛发成活率(成活毛发密度/植入毛发密度×100%)。由1名第三方整形外科主治医师评价植发区头皮瘢痕被遮盖的程度，包括完全被遮盖、基本被遮盖、部分被遮盖。患者对手术效果进行评价，分为非常满意、满意和不满意。 结果 共纳入57例烧伤后头皮瘢痕患者，其中男31例，女26例；年龄13～47岁；头皮瘢痕形成至就诊时间为8～41年；头皮瘢痕面积为17～120 cm2，平均63.3 cm2。57例患者脂肪注射量为13～75 ml，在1次脂肪移植术后3～8个月行毛发移植，移植毛发总量为510～3 120 FUs。脂肪移植术后VSS总分为4(3，4)分，明显低于术前的7(6，7)分(W＝6.70，P<0.001)，其中的色泽、厚度、血管分布、柔软度评分均较术前降低(P<0.01)。毛发移植术后随访12～18个月，平均14个月。质硬、菲薄瘢痕区域毛发成活率为68.2%(22.7 FUs/cm2/33.3 FUs/cm2)～89.7%(26.1 FUs/cm2/29.1 FUs/cm2)，平均为81.3%；32例患者头皮瘢痕完全被遮盖，25例基本被遮盖；29例患者对手术效果表示非常满意，28例表示满意。 结论 在质硬、菲薄的头皮瘢痕下方先注射脂肪再行毛发移植，能获得较高的毛发成活率，是一种有效的改善头皮瘢痕外观的治疗方法。 Objective To investigate the clinical effect of autologous fat transplantation combined with hair transplantation in the treatment of hard and/or thin scalp flat scar after burn. Methods The clinical data of patients with hard and thin scalp scar after burn admitted to the Department of Plastic Surgery of Peking University Third Hospital from January 2017 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Fat was extracted from the lower abdomen or outer thigh during the operation, and then injected into the scalp scar after standing for 15 minutes, about 0.8 ml/cm2 under the hard and/or thin scar area, and 0.2-0.4 ml/cm2 under the thick and soft scar area. Three months after fat transplantation, hair transplantation was performed in the scar bald area, and the transplant density was 25-35 follicular units (FUs)/cm2 in the hard and thin scar area, and 30-40 FUs /cm2 in the thick and soft scar area. The Vancouver scar scale (VSS) was used by two third party plastic surgeons to score the hard and/or thin scar areas of the scalp before and 3 months after scalp fat transplantation. The VSS score was expressed as M (Q1, Q3), and the preoperative and postoperative data were compared by paired sample Wilcoxon signed rank test. During hair transplantation, the density of implanted hair in the hard and/or thin scar area were recorded. The density of living hair at these sites was measured at the last follow-up, and then the survival rate of hair (living hair density/implant hair density ×100%) was calculated. A third party plastic surgeon evaluated the extent to which scalp scars in the hair transplant area were covered, including completely covered, basically covered, partially covered. Patients’ evaluation with the surgical result was divided into very satisfied, satisfied and dissatisfied. Results A total of 57 patients with scalp scar after burn were included in this group, including 31 males and 26 females, aged 13-47 years old. The time from scalp scarring to treatment was 8-41 years. The area of scalp scar was 17-120 cm2, with an average of 63.3 cm2. The fat injection volume of 57 patients was 13-75 ml. The hair transplantation was performed 3-8 months after a single fat filling procedure. The total amount of hair transplantation was 510-3 120 FUs. The total score of postoperative scar VSS was 4(3, 4), significantly lower than the preoperative score of 7(6, 7) (W=6.70, P < 0.001). The color, thickness, blood vessel distribution and softness were significantly reduced compared with those before surgery ( P< 0.01). All patients were followed up for 12-18 months (mean, 14 months) after hair transplantation. The survival rate of hair in hard and thin scar area was 68.2% (22.7 FUs/cm2/33.3 FUs/cm2) to 89.7% (26.1 FUs/cm2/29.1 FUs/cm2), with an average of 81.3%. In 32 patients, scalp scars were completely covered. The scalp scar of 25 patients was basically covered. Twenty-nine patients were very satisfied with the result of the operation, and 28 patients were satisfied. Conclusion The high survival rate of hair transplantation can be obtained by injecting fat under the hard and/or thin scalp scars before hair transplantation, which is an effective method to repair scalp scars.
Autologous fat transplantation combined with hair transplantation for treating scar after scalp burn
Objective To investigate the clinical effect of autologous fat transplantation combined with hair transplantation in the treatment of hard and/or thin scalp flat scar after burn. Methods The clinical data of patients with hard and thin scalp scar after burn admitted to the Department of Plastic Surgery of Peking University Third Hospital from January 2017 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Fat was extracted from the lower abdomen or outer thigh during the operation, and then injected into the scalp scar after standing for 15 minutes, about 0.8 ml/cm2 under the hard and/or thin scar area, and 0.2-0.4 ml/cm2 under the thick and soft scar area. Three months after fat transplantation, hair transplantation was performed in the scar bald area, and the transplant density was 25-35 follicular units (FUs)/cm2 in the hard and thin scar area, and 30-40 FUs /cm2 in the thick and soft scar area. The Vancouver scar scale (VSS) was used by two third party plastic surgeons to score the hard and/or thin scar areas of the scalp before and 3 months after scalp fat transplantation. The VSS score was expressed as M (Q1, Q3), and the preoperative and postoperative data were compared by paired sample Wilcoxon signed rank test. During hair transplantation, the density of implanted hair in the hard and/or thin scar area were recorded. The density of living hair at these sites was measured at the last follow-up, and then the survival rate of hair (living hair density/implant hair density ×100%) was calculated. A third party plastic surgeon evaluated the extent to which scalp scars in the hair transplant area were covered, including completely covered, basically covered, partially covered. Patients’ evaluation with the surgical result was divided into very satisfied, satisfied and dissatisfied. Results A total of 57 patients with scalp scar after burn were included in this group, including 31 males and 26 females, aged 13-47 years old. The time from scalp scarring to treatment was 8-41 years. The area of scalp scar was 17-120 cm2, with an average of 63.3 cm2. The fat injection volume of 57 patients was 13-75 ml. The hair transplantation was performed 3-8 months after a single fat filling procedure. The total amount of hair transplantation was 510-3 120 FUs. The total score of postoperative scar VSS was 4(3, 4), significantly lower than the preoperative score of 7(6, 7) (W=6.70, P < 0.001). The color, thickness, blood vessel distribution and softness were significantly reduced compared with those before surgery ( P< 0.01). All patients were followed up for 12-18 months (mean, 14 months) after hair transplantation. The survival rate of hair in hard and thin scar area was 68.2% (22.7 FUs/cm2/33.3 FUs/cm2) to 89.7% (26.1 FUs/cm2/29.1 FUs/cm2), with an average of 81.3%. In 32 patients, scalp scars were completely covered. The scalp scar of 25 patients was basically covered. Twenty-nine patients were very satisfied with the result of the operation, and 28 patients were satisfied. Conclusion The high survival rate of hair transplantation can be obtained by injecting fat under the hard and/or thin scalp scars before hair transplantation, which is an effective method to repair scalp scars.
万方数据
