目的 探讨基于全形再造理念和技术采用趾组织瓣再造手指指端的临床效果。 方法 回顾性分析2022年9月至2023年2月徐州仁慈医院采用全形再造的理念和技术以趾组织瓣修复指端缺损患者的临床资料。根据手指甲床、骨质、软组织缺损程度，于同侧趾设计并切取甲骨皮瓣或甲皮瓣，游离移植再造缺损的指端，供区无法直接缝合的创面予湿性换药。术后对患者进行定期随访，观察手术并发症、再造指和供区外观；末次随访时测量再造指两点分辨觉(2PD)，采用Semmes-Weinstein monofilament(SWM)尼龙单丝测试再造指触觉(测试结果以所用单丝规格表示)；参照中华医学会手外科分会拇、手指再造功能评定试用标准评价再造指功能，13～15分为优，9～12分为良，5～8分为可，≤4分为差；调查患者对手术效果是否满意。 结果 共纳入8例患者(9只手指)，其中男5例，女3例；年龄22～46岁，平均32.4岁；拇指1只，示指2只，中指5只，环指1只。以甲骨皮瓣修复7例8只手指，甲瓣修复1例1只手指，术后再造指均顺利成活，受区伤口均一期愈合，供区伤口换药愈合，无感染等并发症发生。术后随访3～7个月，再造指外观和供区甲板恢复至接近正常，受区部分甲板连接处可见凹陷形成，供区趾外观仅趾腹和腓侧处遗留瘢痕。末次随访时再造指均恢复保护性感觉，其中2例测得2PD，分别为9和10 mm；SWM单丝测试结果：所用单丝规格为3.60～4.31，平均为3.96，表明手指保护性感觉减弱；再造指功能评价：8例9只手指评分为13～14分，均达到优的水平；患者均对手术效果表示满意。 结论 基于全形再造理念和技术采用趾组织瓣再造手指指端，短期内即可获得外形和功能接近正常的手指，同时保证了趾供区整体的外形和功能，达到供受区平衡，临床效果满意。 Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of reconstruction with the hallux tissue flap for the fingertip defects of thumb and fingers based on the concept and technique of full reconstruction. Methods From September 2022 to February 2023, the patients with thumb and fingertip defects who were reconstructed using the concept and technology of full reconstruction in Xuzhou Renci Hospital were respective analysised. Based on the degree of defect in the nail bed, bone, and soft tissue of the hand, a hallux osteo-onychocutaneous flap or hallux nail flap was designed and harvested from the same side of the toe, and free transplantation was performed to reconstruct the damaged fingertip. The wounds in the donor site that could not be sutured primarily were treated with dressing change. The surgical complications, the appearance of the reconstructed finger and donor site, Semmes-Weinstein monofilament (SWM) examination, 2-point discrimination (2PD) measurement, and patient satisfaction were regularly recorded. According to the functional evaluation criteria for thumb and finger reconstruction issued by the Hand Surgery of the Chinese Medical Association, the function of the reconstructed fingers was evaluated as excellent (13-15 points), good (9-12 points), fair (5-8 points), and poor (≤4 points). The patients were investigated whether they were satisfied with the outcomes. Results A total of 8 patients (9 fingers) including 5 males and 3 females were enrolled. The average age was 32.4 years (range, 22-46 years). There were 1 thumb, 2 index fingers, 5 middle fingers, and 1 ring finger. 7 cases (8 fingers) were repaired with the hallux osteo-onychocutaneous flap, and 1 case (1 finger) was repaired with the hallux nail flap. All the reconstructed fingers survived uneventfully, and the recipient site healed primarily, and the donor site healed after dressing change, without infection and other complications. All the 8 patients (9 fingers) were followed up for 3-7 months. The nail plate of the donor site naturally grew and recovered nearly normal. Depression formation was observed at part of the deck junction of the recipient site, and scars were left in the pulp and fibular side of the hallux. At the final follow-up, the reconstructed fingers recovered protective sensation and tactile sense, and the 2PD of the reconstructed fingers was 9 mm and 10 mm in two cases. The SWM score was 3.60-4.31, mean 3.96. The results were the monofilament specifications and indicating the protective sensation was diminished. Functional evaluation of reconstructed fingers: 9 fingers in 8 cases scored 13-14 points, all reaching an excellent level. All patients were satisfied with the surgical results. Conclusion Based on the concept and technology of full reconstruction, the fingertip defects of the thumb and finger can recover close to normal with the hallux tissue flap in the short-term, while ensuring the overall shape and function of the hallux donor area, achieving a balance between the donor and recipient areas, and achieving satisfactory clinical results.
Based on the concept and technique of full reconstruction of the hallux tissue flap treatment for thumb and fingertip defect reconstruction
Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of reconstruction with the hallux tissue flap for the fingertip defects of thumb and fingers based on the concept and technique of full reconstruction. Methods From September 2022 to February 2023, the patients with thumb and fingertip defects who were reconstructed using the concept and technology of full reconstruction in Xuzhou Renci Hospital were respective analysised. Based on the degree of defect in the nail bed, bone, and soft tissue of the hand, a hallux osteo-onychocutaneous flap or hallux nail flap was designed and harvested from the same side of the toe, and free transplantation was performed to reconstruct the damaged fingertip. The wounds in the donor site that could not be sutured primarily were treated with dressing change. The surgical complications, the appearance of the reconstructed finger and donor site, Semmes-Weinstein monofilament (SWM) examination, 2-point discrimination (2PD) measurement, and patient satisfaction were regularly recorded. According to the functional evaluation criteria for thumb and finger reconstruction issued by the Hand Surgery of the Chinese Medical Association, the function of the reconstructed fingers was evaluated as excellent (13-15 points), good (9-12 points), fair (5-8 points), and poor (≤4 points). The patients were investigated whether they were satisfied with the outcomes. Results A total of 8 patients (9 fingers) including 5 males and 3 females were enrolled. The average age was 32.4 years (range, 22-46 years). There were 1 thumb, 2 index fingers, 5 middle fingers, and 1 ring finger. 7 cases (8 fingers) were repaired with the hallux osteo-onychocutaneous flap, and 1 case (1 finger) was repaired with the hallux nail flap. All the reconstructed fingers survived uneventfully, and the recipient site healed primarily, and the donor site healed after dressing change, without infection and other complications. All the 8 patients (9 fingers) were followed up for 3-7 months. The nail plate of the donor site naturally grew and recovered nearly normal. Depression formation was observed at part of the deck junction of the recipient site, and scars were left in the pulp and fibular side of the hallux. At the final follow-up, the reconstructed fingers recovered protective sensation and tactile sense, and the 2PD of the reconstructed fingers was 9 mm and 10 mm in two cases. The SWM score was 3.60-4.31, mean 3.96. The results were the monofilament specifications and indicating the protective sensation was diminished. Functional evaluation of reconstructed fingers: 9 fingers in 8 cases scored 13-14 points, all reaching an excellent level. All patients were satisfied with the surgical results. Conclusion Based on the concept and technology of full reconstruction, the fingertip defects of the thumb and finger can recover close to normal with the hallux tissue flap in the short-term, while ensuring the overall shape and function of the hallux donor area, achieving a balance between the donor and recipient areas, and achieving satisfactory clinical results.
Finger injuriesHallux nail flapMicrosurgeryTissue transplantation
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