In this paper,the effects of Na2SO3 dosage,reaction temperature,pH and reaction time on the sulfonate group content and solubility of sulfonated lignin were investigated by orthogonal and one-way experiments using a sulfonation-modification process,and the optimal sulfonation conditions were determined.Significance analyses including sum-of-squares,mean-square and F-tests were performed to analyze the effects of sulfonate group content and solubility of sulfonated lignin.The results showed that the maximum sulfonate group content of sodium lignosulfonate(SL)was 1.93 mmol·g-1 and the optimal solubility was 98.48％;the optimal sulfonation conditions were:the amount of Na2SO3 was 3 mmol·g-1,the reaction temperature was 160℃,the pH value was 12,and the reaction time was 3 h.In addition,it was demonstrated that SL2 with a higher sulfonate group content(optimal sulfonation conditions)after adsorption of the dye,the particles were effectively dispersed due to the large electrostatic repulsion,and the edge separation distance was 1 mm.SL2 exhibited the smallest particle size(27.34 μm)compared to the other samples,indicating its superior dispersibility at elevated temperatures.
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