摘要
为了实现屏蔽泵离心叶轮轴向力平衡,设计浮动叶轮轴向力自平衡结构,借助全流道三维数值模拟手段,研究浮动叶轮的轴向力平衡作用机理和影响因素.在对数值模拟方法进行试验验证的基础上,开展针对不同工况下叶轮不同轴向位置轴向力的数值计算.数值模拟结果表明,在同一流量工况下,在叶轮浮动范围内,当叶轮向泵入口方向移动时,泵前腔泄漏量减小,扬程和效率增大,且越靠近入口,对泵的性能影响越显著.轴向力呈现先减后增的趋势,在远离入口时方向指向泵入口,在靠近入口时,叶轮轴向力迅速增大,实现反向,指向泵出口,帮助叶轮停止向入口移动,这种轴向力变化趋势可以使叶轮在工作时始终处于浮动状态,实现轴向力自平衡.
Abstract
A floating impeller design with axial force self-balancing capability was proposed to balance the axial force of the centrifugal impeller of the shielded pump.The mechanism and influencing factors of the axial force balance were analyzed through three-dimensional numerical simulation of the full flow path.Numerical calculations were conducted under various operating conditions and impeller positions after validating the simulation method.Results show that leakage decreases,head and efficiency increase when moving towards the inlet within the impeller's floating range.The closer towards the inlet,the more significant impact on the pump performance is.The axial force initially decreases but then increases.The direction points to the pump inlet when it is far from the inlet.The impeller axial force increases rapidly to realize the reverse when it is close to the pump inlet,pointing to the pump outlet and helping the impeller stop moving to the inlet.This trend of axial force change can make the impeller always be in a floating state when working and realize the axial force self-balancing.
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