Experimental investigation on local scour of bucket foundation considering exposed height and hydraulic condition
Wave-current flume experiments were conducted to analyze the scour temporal evolution,scour hole pattern,scour depth,and equilibrium scour time of the bucket foundation under various conditions,including different exposed heights and hydraulic conditions aiming at the low placement rate of the suction-bucket foundation,the issue of prominent seabed exposed bucket roof during suction penetration and the foundation's susceptibility to local scouring. Results showed that the scouring phenomenon was symmetrically distributed along the flow direction under current-only conditions. The front and back of the foundation remained unaffected by penetration. The maximum scour depth occured in front of the foundation. The maximum scour depth reached one-third of the foundation burial depth when the ratio of exposed height to cylinder diameter was 0.1 and the flow velocity was 0.3 m/s. The sand lifting capacity was enhanced,leading to the formation of sand ripple terrain around the bucket foundation when combined waves and currents were present. The scouring and deposition remained symmetrically distributed despite these changes. The maximum scour pit depth exhibited regular fluctuations after reaching equilibrium. Both the maximum scour depth and the ultimate equilibrium scour time increased with increasing exposed height. A calculation formula for determining the ultimate scour equilibrium time applicable to different exposed heights was proposed.
suction bucket foundationlocal scourcombined wave and currentexposed heightscour characteristicequilibrium scour time
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