Diversity analysis of phenotypic traits and comprehensive evaluation of Camellia oleifera excellent germplasm resources
Camellia oleifera is the woody oil crop with the highest total oil production and the largest cultivated area in China.To improve the mining and utilization of C.oleifera excellent germplasm resources in China,this study used principal component analysis,correlation analysis,cluster analysis,nested analysis of variance,multiple regression analysis,the coefficient of variation,the phenotypic differentiation coefficient,and the Shannon-Wiener diversity index to explore the diversity of phenotypic traits of 560 C.oleifera excellent germplasm resources and the correlation between the phenotypic traits and environmental factors.The 560 C.oleifera excellent germplasm resources were comprehensively evaluated and ranked using the entropy-weighted TOPSIS method.The results showed that there was abundant genetic variation in the 560 C.oleifera excellent germplasm resources,and the Shannon-Wiener diversity indexes of 34 phenotypic traits ranged from 0.05 to 2.35,with a mean value of 1.06,while the coefficients of variation for quantitative traits ranged from 3.02%to 53.33%,with a mean value of 23.25%.The mean values of the variance components among and within provenances of C.oleifera were 53.591%and 32.382%,respectively,indicating that the phenotypic trait similarity within provenances of C.oleifera excellent germplasm resources was high and that its variation mainly originated from within provenances.With the increase of latitude and decrease of annual mean temperature,the single fruit mass,seed kernel oil content and saturated fatty acid content of C.oleifera showed a decreasing trend,while the unsaturated fatty acid content showed an increasing trend,indicating that latitude and annual mean temperature were the main environmental factors limiting the growth of C.oleifera.The comprehensive evaluation and ranking results of the entropy-weighted TOPSIS method showed that Changlin 4 had the highest comprehensive score index,and Zhejiang,Yunnan,Anhui,Hunan regions had several selected excellent germplasms in the rank of top 30.These results can provide data support for breeding and seed promotion of C.oleifera.
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