Emergy assessment of three home courtyard agriculture production systems in TibetAutonomous Region, China

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中文摘要：题目：西藏三种庭院生产体系的能值评价目的：利用能值方法评价西藏三种庭院生产体系的生产效率、环境效益、可持续性以及经济效益。创新点：利用能值方法，首次对近年流行的新型农牧一体化生产模式（“玉米田养鹅”），以及西藏常规庭院生产体系“豌豆–小麦轮作”和“常规玉米连作”进行生态与生产效益的全面评价，明确适宜西藏可持续发展的庭院生产技术体系。方法：以两年（2012和2013）作为时间单元，记录期间各庭院生产体系物质的投入和产出。各生产体系中所有投入和产出的物质与各物质相对的转化系数即单位能值价值（UEV）相乘转换为太阳能值（sej），各物质的 UEV统一全球驱动能值在15.20×1024 sej/year的基准上。利用“可新比例”划分各投入物质的可更新和不可更新的部分，并计算相应的能值指标（能值产出率、能值自给率、环境负载率、可持续性指标以及农产品安全指标等），从而通过能值指标和经济效益的分析来评价各庭院生产体系的生态与经济效益。结论：本研究中“玉米田养鹅”具有卓越的生态–经济效益，“豌豆–小麦轮作”次之，而“常规玉米连作”可持续性低且环境负载较大。

外文摘要：Home courtyard agriculture is an important model of agricultural production on the Tibetan plateau. Be-cause of the sensitive and fragile plateau environment, it needs to have optimal performance characteristics, including high sustainability, low environmental pressure, and high economic benefit. Emergy analysis is a promising tool for evaluation of the environmental-economic performance of these production systems. In this study, emergy analysis was used to evaluate three courtyard agricultural production models: Raising Geese in Corn Fields (RGICF), Con-ventional Corn Planting (CCP), and Pea-Wheat Rotation (PWR). The results showed that the RGICF model produced greater economic benefits, and had higher sustainability, lower environmental pressure, and higher product safety than the CCP and PWR models. The emergy yield ratio (EYR) and emergy self-support ratio (ESR) of RGICF were 0.66 and 0.11, respectively, lower than those of the CCP production model, and 0.99 and 0.08, respectively, lower than those of the PWR production model. The impact of RGICF (1.45) on the environment was lower than that of CCP (2.26) and PWR (2.46). The emergy sustainable indices (ESIs) of RGICF were 1.07 and 1.02 times higher than those of CCP and PWR, respectively. With regard to the emergy index of product safety (EIPS), RGICF had a higher safety index than those of CCP and PWR. Overal, our results suggest that the RGICF model is advantageous and provides higher environmental benefits than the CCP and PWR systems.

外文关键词：

Home courtyard agricultureRaising Geese in Corn FieldConventional Corn PlantingPea-Wheat RotationEmergySustainability

作者：

Fa-chun GUAN、Zhi-peng SHA、Yu-yang ZHANG、Jun-feng WANG、Chao WANG

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作者单位：

Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Tibet University, Nyingchi 860000, China

关键词：

庭院农业玉米田养鹅传统玉米种植豌豆-小麦轮作能值可持续性

基金：

Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaScience and Technology Service Network Initiative of CASDevelopment Platform of Wild Characteristic Biological Resources in Tibet Au-tonomous Region, China

项目编号：

31201594KFJ-EW-STS-073

出版年：

2016

浙江大学学报(英文版)(B辑:生物医学和生物技术)

浙江大学

浙江大学学报(英文版)(B辑:生物医学和生物技术)

CSTPCDCSCDSCI

影响因子：0.798

ISSN：1673-1581

年,卷(期)：2016.17(8)

被引量12
参考文献量3