氮素水平对籼粳杂交稻产量和贮藏蛋白的影响
Effects of nitrogen rate on yield and accumulation of storage protein in indica-japonica hybrid rice
孙建龙 1张新城 2任韵 2王丰颖 2陆鸿英 3钱伟红 4马善林2
作者信息
- 1. 吴兴尹家圩粮油植保农机专业合作社,浙江 湖州 313000
- 2. 湖州市农业科学研究院,浙江 湖州 313000;湖州市农业种质资源创新与应用重点实验室,浙江 湖州 313000
- 3. 吴兴区农业技术推广服务中心,浙江 湖州 313000
- 4. 湖州市农业科学研究院,浙江 湖州 313000
- 折叠
摘要
氮素对稻米蛋白质含量的影响研究颇广,但籼粳杂交稻强弱势粒蛋白组分的积累动态、蛋白质分布及其对氮素的响应鲜有报道.以两个籼粳杂交稻(甬优 12 和甬优 17)为材料,设置 4 个氮肥水平,即 N0(不施氮)、低氮(100 kg·hm-2)、中氮(200 kg·hm-2)和高氮(300 kg·hm-2),比较了产量、粒型、强弱势粒干物质积累与贮藏蛋白的积累特征.结果显示,施氮显著提高两品种的产量以及蛋白质含量,但品种间对氮素响应存在差异.甬优 12 在低氮下就能获得较高产量,且其蛋白质积累对氮素响应也较稳定,能实现高产优质的平衡.低氮对粒型无显著影响,高氮显著降低长宽比,导致粒重轻微下降.醇溶蛋白和谷蛋白积累过程存在此起彼伏的现象,从而维持总蛋白的相对平衡.弱势粒蛋白质含量高于强势粒,但因其粒重小导致总积累量仍然低于强势粒.贮藏蛋白主要富集在籽粒外层胚乳中,甬优 17 对氮素响应较甬优 12 更敏感.研究结果可为籼粳杂交稻的高产优质栽培技术提供理论依据.
Abstract
The effect of nitrogen on rice protein contents has been widely studied,but the accumulation dynamics of protein components of superior and inferior grain in large-panicle rice and their responses to nitrogen are limited reported.In this study,two indica-japonica hybrid rice were used as materials,and four nitrogen rates,namely,N0(no nitrogen application),low nitrogen(100 kg·hm-2),medium nitrogen(200 kg·hm-2),and high nitrogen(300 kg·hm-2)were adopted to compare the characteristics of yield,grain types,grain weight and storage protein accumulation in superior and inferior grains.The results showed that nitrogen application significantly increased the yield,protein content for two cultivars,but there were differences in response to nitrogen.Yongyou12 obtained a high yield under low nitrogen,and its protein content was stable under different nitrogen treatments,which can get a balance of high yield and good quality.Low nitrogen had no significant effect on grain type,while high nitrogen reduced the ratio of length to width with a small extent,resulting in a slight decrease in grain weight.There was a compensatory effect between prolamin and glutelin accumulation,thus maintaining the relative balance of storage protein.Although the protein concentration of inferior grain was higher than that of superior grain,the total content was still significantly lower than that of superior grain due to its small grain weight.The storage protein is mainly located in the outer endosperm of grains,and Yongyou17 is more sensitive in response to nitrogen than Yongyou12.The obtained results can provide a theoretical basis for the high yield and good quality cultivation techniques of indica-japonica hybrid rice.
关键词
籼粳杂交稻/蛋白组分/粒型/强弱势粒/氮素Key words
indica-japonica hybrid rice/protein components/grain type/superior and inferior grain/nitrogen引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家自然科学基金(31901443)
公益性应用研究项目(2021GZ23)
中国博士后科学基金(2018M642447)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据