通过在上海市某镉污染稻田开展田间试验，研究镉污染稻田土壤的不同农艺措施类安全利用综合技术对土壤和植株中镉的影响。在大田试验中，设置不同处理:品种替换+优化施肥(处理 1)、品种替换+水分调控+优化施肥(处理 2)、品种替换+水分调控(处理 3)不同农艺措施组合，与常规水稻种植(CK)进行对照，探讨不同综合技术下对土壤、水稻糙米及秸秆中不同形态 Cd迁移转化的影响。结果表明:与 CK 相比，各处理的土壤 Cd和有效态 Cd含量、糙米中镉含量均有所下降，与试验前比，处理 2 土壤全量 Cd和有效态 Cd 含量下降最为显著，分别下降 12。86%、18。33%。处理 1、处理 2、处理 3 糙米中的Cd富集系数分别下降 43。18%、51。90%、25。74%。与 CK相比，处理 1 水稻产量提高了 4。9%。综上所述，选用 Cd 低积累水稻品种、配施生物质炭有机肥和叶面阻控剂能在保持水稻产量基础上，降低水稻中的 Cd含量，调节 Cd在作物中的富集与转运。
Study on safety utilization integrated techniques of agronomic measures in Cd contaminated paddy fields
By the experiment in a cadmium-contaminated paddy field in Shanghai to study the effects of different agronomic measures on the cadmium content in soil and plants.In the field test,different treatments were sets:variety replacement+optimal fertilization(treatment 1),variety replacement+water regulation+optimal fertilization(treatment 2),variety replacement+water regulation(treatment 3).Different agronomic combinations measures were compared with conventional rice planting(CK)to explore the effects of different comprehensive technologies on the migration and transformation of different forms of Cd in soil,brown rice and straw.The results showed that compared with CK,the contents of Cd and available Cd in soil and cadmium in brown rice in all treatments decreased.Compared with before the test,the contents of total Cd and available Cd in soil in treatment 2 decreased most significantly,by 12.86%and 18.33%,respectively.The Cd enrichment coefficient of brown rice in treatment 1,2 and 3 decreased by 43.18%,51.90%and 25.74%,respectively.Compared with CK,rice yield in treatment 1 increased by 4.9%.In conclusion,the selection of rice varieties with low Cd accumulation,combined application of biochar organic fertilizer and foliar blocking agent can reduce the Cd content in rice and regulate the enrichment and transport of Cd in crops on the basis of maintaining rice yield.
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