摘要
为筛选适宜我国南方种植的油橄榄良种,进一步指导油橄榄产业的发展.本研究对 2018 年定植的2 个油橄榄品种豆果和尼Ⅰ进行跟踪调查和综合分析.结果显示,豆果和尼Ⅰ均在定植 2 a后始花始果,定植 6 a后的株高分别为 3.21 和 3.34 m,干径分别为 8.19 和 8.39 cm.豆果果重为 1.34 g,属圆形品种,667 m2 鲜果产量为 654.85 kg,橄榄油产量为 68.76 kg,出油率和含油率分别为 10.59%和 14.90%.尼Ⅰ果重为 4.24 g,属卵圆形品种,667 m2 鲜果产量为 1 050.00 kg,橄榄油产量为 81.90 kg,出油率和含油率分别为 7.89%和 14.00%.豆果和尼Ⅰ压榨的橄榄油过氧化值均为 0.067%,酸价分别为 1.20 和 0.11 mg·g-1,豆果品种的橄榄油紫外吸光度 D232、D270 和 ΔD270 依次为 1.871 1、0.207 6 和 0.001,尼 I品种的橄榄油紫外吸光度 D232、D270 和 ΔD270 依次为 1.934 0、0.202 0 和 0.003,品质均达特级初榨橄榄油标准,不饱和脂肪酸分别占总脂肪酸的 76.19%和78.18%.表明豆果和尼Ⅰ在我国南方山区具有较强的适应性,橄榄油产量品质俱佳,具有巨大的应用前景.
Abstract
To screen superior olive cultivars suitable for cultivation in southern China and further guide the development of the olive industry,this study conducted a comprehensive analysis and tracking investigation of two olive cultivars,Arbequina and Nichiskii Ⅰ,planted in 2018.The results showed that both cultivars began flowering and fruiting two years after planting.After six years,their tree heights reached 3.21 and 3.34 m,with tree diameters of 8.19 and 8.39 cm,respectively.Arbequina produced round fruits with an average single fruit weight of 1.34 g.Its fresh fruit yield per 667 m2 was 654.85 kg,yielding 68.76 kg of olive oil,with oil extraction and oil content rates of 10.59%and 14.90%,respectively.Nichiskii Ⅰ produced olive fruits with an average single fruit weight of 4.24 g.Its fresh fruit yield per 667 m2 was 1 050.00 kg,yielding 81.90 kg of olive oil,with oil extraction and oil content rates of 7.89%and 14.00%,respectively.The peroxide values of olive oil from both cultivars were 0.067%,while acid values were 1.20 and 0.11 mg·g-1 for Arbequina and Nichiskii Ⅰ.The ultraviolet absorbance values D232,D270,and ΔD270 of the olive oil from the Douguo variety are 1.871 1,0.207 6,and 0.001,respectively.For the Ni I variety,the ultraviolet absorbance values D232,D270,and ΔD270 are 1.934 0,0.202 0,and 0.003,respectively.The quality of oil from both varieties meets the,respectively,meeting the quality standards for extra virgin olive oil.The unsaturated fatty acid content accounted for 76.19%and 78.18%of total fatty acids in Arbequina and Nichiskii Ⅰ,respectively.These findings indicate that both cultivars demonstrate strong adaptability to mountainous regions in southern China,with excellent oil yield and quality,highlighting their significant application prospects.
国家科技期刊平台
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