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"自由的解放":论马克思主义对主体实践"元信念"的重估

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主体实践的"元信念"具有作为主体实践的起点和动力的"元原因"和作为主体实践的终极标准的"元尺度"两重意蕴.然而无论是功利主义还是德国古典哲学的义务论对这两重意蕴的解释都因其理论体系的封闭性和自足性而无法与主体实践进行彻底的结合.马克思通过将社会历史的视角重新引入对主体实践"元信念"的解释中,通过对"自由"和"实践"的同一化理解,指出主体实践的"元信念"正是能动的实践在具体社会历史中不断展开的倾向.因其受到了阶级社会的深重阻碍,故必须通过无产阶级革命与阶级社会彻底决裂,在"全部可能性展开"的共产主义社会中通过对实践活动作为"第一需要"的认识才能实现主体实践"元信念"两重意蕴的真正统一以及其自身的彻底完成.
From"Freedom"to"Liberation":On Marxism's Reevaluation of the"Meta Belief"of Subject Practice
The"meta-belief"of subject practice has two meanings:one is"meta-cause"as the starting point and motivation of subject practice,the other is"meta-scale"as the ultimate standard of subject practice.However,both utilitarianism and the deontology of German classical philosophy ex-plain these two implications because of the closedness and self-sufficiency of the theoretical system and cannot be completely integrated with the subject's practice.Marx reintroduced the perspective of social history into the explanation of the"meta-belief"of the subject's practice,and through the unified under-standing of"freedom"and"practice",pointed out that the"meta-belief'of the subject's practice is the active practice in specific society,unfolding tendencies in history.Because the meta-belief is severely hindered by class society,we must complete a complete break with class society through the proletarian revolution,and in the communist society with"all possibilities",we must realize the true unity of the dual meanings of the subject practice"meta-belief'and its complete completion.

freedomliberationpracticemeta-belief

王勇、张轩阁

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吉林大学马克思主义学院(长春 130012)

自由 解放 实践 元信念

2024

浙江社会科学
浙江省社会科学界联合会

浙江社会科学

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.677
ISSN:1004-2253
年,卷(期):2024.(8)